Flask视图函数返回的不仅仅是字符串,而是会对返回值进行一些列的封装,变成一个response响应对象
app.route("/hello")
def hello():
# status 200,404,301
# content-type http headers
# content-type = text/html
# Response
return "*******"
如果视图函数单纯返回"****"的字符串的话,flask会自动进行一些封装让他变成浏览器可以读取的格式,也就是content-type = text/html,状态码为200。
我们可以使用Flask提供的make_response 方法来自定义自己的response对象
app.route("/hello")
def hello():
# status 200,404,301
# content-type http headers
# content-type = text/html
# Response
headers = {
'content-type':'text/plain'
}
# 使浏览器识别返回内容为字符串而不是html
response = make_response("<html></html>",404)
response.headers = headers
return response
make_response()方法说明
1.返回内容
from flask import make_response
@blue.route('/makeresponse/')
def make_response_function():
response = make_response('<h2>羞羞哒</h2>')
return response, 404
2.返回页面
from flask import make_response
@blue.route('/makeresponse/')
def make_response_function():
temp = render_template('hello.html')
response = make_response(temp)
return response
>>>注意:make_response 想要返回页面,不能直接写做:make_response('hello.html'),必须用render_template('hello.html')形式。
3.返回状态码
>>>方式一:在make_response()中传入状态码
from flask import make_response
@blue.route('/makeresponse/')
def make_response_function():
temp = render_template('hello.html')
response = make_response(temp, 200)
return response
>>>方式二:直接return状态码
from flask import make_response
@blue.route('/makeresponse/')
def make_response_function():
temp = render_template('hello.html')
response = make_response(temp)
return response, 200
官方文档
make_response
(rv)¶
Convert the return value from a view function to an instance of response_class
.
Parameters
rv –
the return value from the view function. The view function must return a response. Returning None
, or the view ending without returning, is not allowed. The following types are allowed for view_rv
:
str
(unicode
in Python 2) 可以传入一个字符串对象,它将被编码为UTF-8并被显示在body中
A response object is created with the string encoded to UTF-8 as the body.
bytes
(str
in Python 2)
A response object is created with the bytes as the body.
dict 也可以传入一个字典类型的对象,它将被先变成json格式再返回
A dictionary that will be jsonify’d before being returned.
tuple 也可以传入一个元组,包含两个或者三个元素,分别是body内容,status状态码,headers响应头(字典类型)
Either (body, status, headers)
, (body, status)
, or (body, headers)
, where body
is any of the other types allowed here, status
is a string or an integer, and headers
is a dictionary or a list of (key, value)
tuples. If body
is a response_class
instance, status
overwrites the exiting value and headers
are extended.
这里的元组的意思是我们可以再函数中直接通过return来返回这三个或者两个对象,而不需要使用make_response()方法,Flask会自动进行识别和封装。
例:
app.route("/hello")
def hello():
headers = {
'content-type':'text/plain'
}
# 使浏览器识别返回内容为字符串而不是html
return "<html></html>",404,headers