spring-IOC之依赖注入——XML篇

Spring学习随记1

spring-IOC之依赖注入

官网地址：

https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/core.html#beans-factory-collaborators

涉及名词：

IOC：Inversion of Control控制反转
DI：dependency injection  依赖注入
IOC和DI之间的关系：IOC是一种解耦思想，DI是IOC的一种实现方式

依赖注入的实现

		1.构造器注入
		2.setter方法注入
		3.接口注入（传闻早期有，但不人性故被移除，自由鸡没找相关文档，!·_·!）

代码结构

POM依赖

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

构造器注入

代码实现

package com.csh.test.project;

import com.csh.test.project.service.ManagementService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * Hello world!
 */
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //加载xml元数据
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beanXml.xml");
        // 从容器中获取ManagementService bean
        ManagementService managementService =  cxt.getBean(ManagementService.class);
    }
}

EmployeeService.java

package com.csh.test.project.service.impl;

import com.csh.test.project.service.EmployeeService;

/**
 * Created on 2020-01-17.
 *
 * @author chensihong
 */
public class EmployeeServiceImpl implements EmployeeService {

    public EmployeeServiceImpl() {
        //init
        System.err.println("EmployeeServiceImpl constructor");
    }

    @Override
    public void print() {
        System.err.println("EmployeeServiceImpl print!!!");
    }
}

ManagementService.java

package com.csh.test.project.service.impl;

import com.csh.test.project.service.EmployeeService;
import com.csh.test.project.service.ManagementService;

/**
 * Created on 2020-01-17.
 *
 * @author chensihong
 */
public class ManagementServiceImpl implements ManagementService {

    public ManagementServiceImpl(EmployeeService employeeService) {
        //init
        System.err.println("ManagementServiceImpl");
        employeeService.print();
    }
}

增加Schema

红圈部分为引入模块的名字

beanXml.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--    <context:component-scan base-package="com.csh.test.project.service"/>-->
    <bean id="employeeService" class="com.csh.test.project.service.impl.EmployeeServiceImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="managementService" class="com.csh.test.project.service.impl.ManagementServiceImpl">
        <constructor-arg ref="employeeService"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

结果

setter方法注入

beanXml.xml

package com.csh.test.project.service.impl;

import com.csh.test.project.service.EmployeeService;
import com.csh.test.project.service.ManagementService;

/**
 * Created on 2020-01-17.
 *
 * @author chensihong
 */
public void setEmployeeService(EmployeeService employeeService) {
        System.out.println("setter mother");
        employeeService.print();
    }

    public ManagementServiceImpl() {
        //init
        System.err.println("ManagementServiceImpl");
    }

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <bean id="employeeService" class="com.csh.test.project.service.impl.EmployeeServiceImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="managementService" class="com.csh.test.project.service.impl.ManagementServiceImpl">
        <property name="employeeService" ref="employeeService"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

结果

拓展

循环依赖

使用构造函数注入，Class A 引Class B，Class B引Class A，导致死循环，			           bean无法创建成功，官方建议修改源代码，不要使用构造函数注入，但可以使用setter方法解决
更多相关xml配置查看[官方文档](https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/core.html#beans-value-element)