Hive基础语句

–查看所有库
sqlshow databases;

– 使用库
use log;

–查看所有表
show tables;

–创建库
–语法

create database [if not exists] databaseName [comment '注释'];
create database if not exists log;
create database if not exists logtemp comment 'this is log database';

–查询数据库信息

describe database [extended] databaseName;
desc database [extended] databaseName;
desc database hadoop2;

–创建表

create table if not exists student(
id int,
name string
)
row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
stored as textfile;
--utf-8
--建表时最后一行添加
CHARSET=utf8

–删除表
–语法

drop table tableName；
drop table if exists student;

–删除库

drop database log;
drop database log cascade;

–修改表
– 关键字 alter
–修改表名

alter table student rename to teacher;

–查看表结构

desc teacher;
desc formatted teacher;

–修改字段名

alter table teacher change column id myid string comment 'alter id';

alter table teacher change column name  name string comment '' after myid;

–增加字段名 在最后添加

alter table teacher add columns(
sex string,
age int comment 'this is teacher age'
);

–加载 本地 数据

load data local inpath '/home/hadoop/data/studentInfo.txt' into table teacher;

–创建表

--like 只创建表结构
create table if not exists student like teacher;
--as  创建表结构 并且 复制数据
create table if not exists student as select * from teacher;
--加载 HDFS 数据
load data inpath '/data/studentInfo.txt' into table teacher;

–更新和覆盖数据

--追加
load data local inpath '/home/hadoop/data/studentInfo.txt' into table teacher;

--覆盖
load data local inpath '/home/hadoop/data/studentInfo.txt' overwrite into table teacher;

–查询

select * from teacher limit 5;