一个简单的车牌识别任务

最近上课有一门课需要做一个大作业，用三种方法实现一个任务。分别是基于特征的方法、基于传统的机器学习方法和基于深度学习的方法
由于本人水平有限，只能从简单的车牌识别任务入手。
三种方法都是博采众长得来，不过很多网上的代码有些问题不能运行，于是本人就做了些修改，也方便以后的人查询
车牌识别首先就是车牌区域的分割
[https://blog.csdn.net/u011808673/article/details/78510692]
首先是字符分割的代码：

int segmentation()
{
	Mat origin_image = imread("2.jpg");
	Mat gray_image;
	cvtColor(origin_image, gray_image, CV_RGB2GRAY);

	Mat canny_image;
	Canny(gray_image, canny_image, 100, 200, 3);
	
	Mat dilate_image, erode_image;
	Mat elementX = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(19, 1));
	Mat elementY = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, 20));
	Point point(-1, -1);
	dilate(canny_image, dilate_image, elementX, point, 2);
	erode(dilate_image, erode_image, elementX, point, 4);
	dilate(erode_image, dilate_image, elementX, point, 2);
	erode(dilate_image, erode_image, elementY, point, 2);
	dilate(erode_image, dilate_image, elementY, point, 2);

	Mat blurr_image;
	medianBlur(dilate_image, blurr_image, 15);
	medianBlur(blurr_image, blurr_image, 15);

	Mat contour_image;
	contour_image = blurr_image.clone();
	vector<vector<Point>> contours;
	findContours(contour_image, contours, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);
	drawContours(contour_image, contours, -1, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 1);

	Mat roi_image;
	vector<Point> rectPoint;
	for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
	{
		Rect r = boundingRect(Mat(contours[i]));
		cout << "contours" << i << " height=" << r.height << " width="
			<< r.width << " rate=" << ((float)r.width / r.height) << endl;
		if ((float)r.width / r.height >= 3 && (float)r.width / r.height <= 5)
		{
			cout << "r.x = " << r.x << " r.y = " << r.y << endl;
			rectangle(contour_image, r, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2);
			Point p1, p2, p3, p4;
			p1.x = r.x;
			p1.y = r.y;
			p2.x = r.x + r.width;
			p2.y = r.y;
			p3.x = r.x + r.width;
			p3.y = r.y + r.height;
			p4.x = r.x;
			p4.y = r.y + r.height;
			rectPoint.push_back(p1);
			rectPoint.push_back(p2);
			rectPoint.push_back(p3);
			rectPoint.push_back(p4);
			for (int j = 0; j < contours[i].size(); j++)
			{
				cout << "point = " << contours[i][j] << endl;
			}
			roi_image = origin_image(r);
		}
	}
	imwrite("roi_image.jpg", roi_image);
	Mat large_image;
	int col = roi_image.cols, row = roi_image.rows;
	resize(roi_image, large_image, Size(300, 300 * row / col));
	Mat  roi_gray_image;
	cvtColor(large_image, roi_gray_image, CV_RGB2GRAY);
	Mat canny_roi_image;
	Canny(roi_gray_image, canny_roi_image, 100, 200, 3);
	imwrite("canny_roi_image.jpg", canny_roi_image);

	Mat roi_contours_image;
	vector<vector<Point>> roi_contours;
	roi_contours_image = canny_roi_image.clone();
	findContours(roi_contours_image, roi_contours, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL,
		CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);
	vector<Point> roi_rectPoint;
	for (int i = 0; i < roi_contours.size(); i++)
	{
		Rect r = boundingRect(Mat(roi_contours[i]));
		cout << "contours" << i << " height=" << r.height
			<< " width=" << r.width << " rate = "
			<< ((float)r.width / r.height) << endl;
		cout << "r.x = " << r.x << " r.y = " << r.y << endl;
		Point p1, p2, p3, p4;
		p1.x = r.x;
		p1.y = r.y;
		p2.x = r.x + r.width;
		p2.x = r.y;
		p3.x = r.x + r.width;
		p3.y = r.y + r.height;
		p4.x = r.x;
		p4.y = r.y + r.height;

		roi_rectPoint.push_back(p1);
		roi_rectPoint.push_back(p2);
		roi_rectPoint.push_back(p3);
		roi_rectPoint.push_back(p4);
		for (int j = 0; j < roi_contours[i].size(); j++) {
			cout << "point = " << roi_contours[i][j] << endl;
		}
	}

	int contours_height[30], contours_width[30];
	for (int i = 0; i < roi_contours.size(); i++) {
		Rect r = boundingRect(Mat(roi_contours[i]));
		contours_height[i] = r.height;
		conto