两栏布局
水平方向:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
<style>
.left{
width: 300px;
height:100px;
background: red;
float: left;
}
.right{
width: 980px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
margin-left: 300px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="body">
<div class="container">
<div class="left">左</div>
<div class="right">右</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
思路:让左栏元素左浮动,右栏元素设置等于左栏元素宽度的margin-left值。这是为了不影响右栏文本的布局
三栏布局
水平方向
1.浮动方法
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
<style>
.left{
width: 300px;
height:100px;
background: red;
float: left;
}
.right{
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
float: right;
}
.middle{
margin-left: 300px;
margin-right: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="body">
<div class="container">
<div class="left">左</div>
<div class="right">右</div>
<div class="middle">中</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
思路:左右两栏用浮动固定,中间栏的margin-left为左栏的宽度,margin-right为右栏宽度。注意html元素的顺序为左右中
2.绝对定位
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
<style>
body,html,.container{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
height: 100%;
}
.left,.right{
top: 0;
height: 100%;
background: red;
position: absolute;
}
.left{
left: 0;
width: 100px;
}
.right{
right: 0;
width: 100px;
}
.middle{
height: 100%;
background: blue;
margin: 0 100px 0 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="body">
<div class="container">
<div class="left">左</div>
<div class="right">右</div>
<div class="middle">中</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
思路:左右栏元素用绝对定位固定,中间元素设置margin值空出左右栏元素占用的位置
3.flex布局方法
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.container{
display: flex;
}
.left{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: red;
}
.right{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: red;
}
.center{
flex-grow: 1;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="left">左</div>
<div class="center">中</div>
<div class="right">右</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
思路:父元素display:flex,方向默认row,左右宽度固定,中间设置flex-grow:1分配到剩下的所有空间
4.圣杯布局
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
body{
min-width: 700px;/*left+right+left*/
}
#header,#footer{
width: 100%;
background: #ccc;
}
#container{
width: 100%;
height: 200px;
background: peru;
padding-left: 200px;
padding-right: 300px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.column{
float: left;
height: 200px;
}
#center{
width: 100%;
background: red;
}
#left{
width: 200px;
background: green;
margin-left: -100%;
position: relative;
right: 200px;
}
#right{
width: 300px;
background: blue;
margin-right: -300px;
}
#footer{
clear: both;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header id="header">header</header>
<div id="container">
<div id="center" class="column">center</div>
<div id="left" class="column">left</div>
<div id="right" class="column">right</div>
</div>
<footer id="footer">footer</footer>
</body>
</html>
5.双飞翼布局
不用position:relative,暂时还不理解
垂直方向
1.position:absolute方法
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
<style>
.container div{
position: absolute;
}
.top{
top:0;
width: 100%;
height: 100px;
background: red;
}
.center{
width: 100%;
top: 100px;
bottom: 100px;
background: green;
}
.bottom{
bottom:0;
width: 100%;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="body">
<div class="container">
<div class="top">上</div>
<div class="center">中</div>
<div class="bottom">下</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
思路:上下栏用绝对定位固定,中间栏也用绝对定位空出上下栏占用的位置
2.flex布局方法
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
<style>
body,html,.container{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
height: 100%;
}
.container{
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.top{
width: 100%;
height: 100px;
background: red;
}
.bottom{
width: 100%;
height: 100px;
background: red;
}
.middle{
width:100%;
background: blue;
flex-grow: 1;
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="body">
<div class="container">
<div class="top">上</div>
<div class="middle">中</div>
<div class="bottom">下</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
思路:设置父元素为弹性盒布局,方向为column,上下栏高度为固定值,中间栏占用所有剩下的空间。
注意:flex-grow属性设置元素能够分到多少父元素剩余的空间,中间栏设置为1,上下栏不设置默认为0,所以中间栏分到父元素剩下的所有空间
小结
三栏布局的总体思路就是两端固定,中间空出两端占用的空间