Java网络编程之TCP

Java网络编程之TCP

​ TCP主要需要两个类：Socket和ServerSocket，Socket是客户端连接服务器时创建，参数需要指定服务器的ip和端口，ServerSocket是服务器端创建，参数指定端口，如下：

Socket socket = new Socket("localhost",8888);//Client.java客户端
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);//Server.java服务器端
//服务器ip为本机，端口为8888

​ 我的想法：要实现单聊和群聊，首先，我得为标识每个客户端，我选择姓名，这样每个用户都知道是谁发的消息，那么，我需要每个姓名对应一个客户端Socket，用map存储

废话不多说，直接上代码：

---

1. 客户端：

   public class TcpClient {
   
   	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
   		Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
   		System.out.print("请输入用户名》》");
   		String userName = scanner.next();
   		Socket socket = new Socket("localhost",8888);
   		DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
   		out.writeUTF(userName);
   		new Thread(new SendMsg(socket)).start();
   		new Thread(new ReceiveMsg(socket)).start();
   	}
   }
   

2. 客户端发送消息线程：

   public class SendMsg implements Runnable{
   
   	private Socket socket;
   	public SendMsg(Socket socket) {
   		this.socket = socket;
   	}
   	@Override
   	public void run() {
   		try {
   			while(true) {
   				BufferedReader buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
   				String[] msg = buffer.readLine().split("@");
   				MessageBean messageBean = new MessageBean(msg[0],msg[1]);
   //				DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
   //				out.writeUTF(msg);
   				ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
   				out.writeObject(messageBean);
   			}
   		} catch (Exception e) {
   			e.printStackTrace();
   		}
   	}
   }
   

3. 客户端接收消息线程：

   public class ReceiveMsg implements Runnable{
   	private Socket socket;
   	public ReceiveMsg(Socket socket) {
   		this.socket = socket;
   	}
   	@Override
   	public void run() {
   		try {
   			while(true) {
   				DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
   				System.out.println(in.readUTF());
   			}
   		} catch (Exception e) {
   			e.printStackTrace();
   		}
   	}
   }
   

4. 服务器端：

   public class TcpServer {
   
   	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
   		try {
   			//List<Socket> sockets = new ArrayList<>();
   			Map<String,Socket> map = new HashMap<>();
   			ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
   			while(true) {
   				Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
   				//服务器第一次接收到的信息一定是用户名
   				DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
   				String username = in.readUTF();
   				synchronized (map) {
   					map.put(username, socket);
   				}
   				//能够保证在同一时刻最多只有一个线程执行该段代码，以达到保证并发安全的效果
   //				synchronized (sockets) {
   //					sockets.add(socket);
   //				}
   				new Thread(new ServerHandler(socket,map)).start();
   			}
   		} catch (Exception e) {
   			e.printStackTrace();
   		}
   	}
   }
   

5. 服务器处理事务线程端：

   public class ServerHandler implements Runnable {
   
   	private Socket socket;
   	private Map<String, Socket> map;
   	public ServerHandler(Socket socket,Map<String, Socket> map) {
   		this.socket = socket;
   		this.map = map;
   	}
   	
   	public String findKey(Map<String, Socket> map,Socket socket) {
   		Iterator<String> it = map.keySet().iterator();
   		while (it.hasNext()) {
   			String key = it.next();
   			if (map.get(key).equals(socket)) return key;
   		 }
   		return null;
   	}
   	@Override
   	public void run() {
   		InetAddress address = socket.getInetAddress();
   		String ip = address.getHostAddress();
   		String username = findKey(map, socket);
   	    System.out.println("ip为"+ip+"的"+username+":上线了----");
   		try {
   			while(true) {
   				ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
   				MessageBean messageBean = (MessageBean) in.readObject();
   				String msg = messageBean.getMsg();
   				String toPerson = messageBean.getToPerson();
   				if ("all".equals(toPerson)) {
   					//群聊
   					msg = username+":"+msg;
   					for(String key : map.keySet()){
   					    if (username.equals(key)) {
   							continue;
   						}
   					    DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(map.get(key).getOutputStream());
   					    out.writeUTF(msg);
   					}
   				}else {
   					//私聊
   					if (map.get(toPerson) == null) {
   						DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(map.get(username).getOutputStream());
   					    out.writeUTF("抱歉，"+toPerson+"不在线。。。。");
   					}else {
   						msg = username+"对您私聊说:"+msg;
   						DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(map.get(toPerson).getOutputStream());
   					    out.writeUTF(msg);
   					}
   				}
   			}
   		} catch (Exception e) {
   			//e.printStackTrace();
   			System.out.println(username+"下线了。。。。。");
   			synchronized (map) {
   				map.remove(username, socket);
   			}
   		}
   	}
   }
   

6. 消息体类：

public class MessageBean implements Serializable{

	private String msg;
	private String toPerson;
	public MessageBean() {
		
	}
	public MessageBean(String msg,String toPerson) {
		this.msg = msg;
		this.toPerson = toPerson;
	}
	public String getMsg() {
		return msg;
	}
	public String getToPerson() {
		return toPerson;
	}
	public void setMsg(String msg) {
		this.msg = msg;
	}
	public void setToPerson(String toPerson) {
		this.toPerson = toPerson;
	}
}