【环境搭建】（四）ubuntu22.04系统安装Opencv4.8.0+Opencv-contrib4.8.0

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已于 2024-05-16 09:24:50 修改

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分类专栏：环境搭建文章标签： opencv 人工智能计算机视觉

于 2024-03-27 16:04:35 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41809117/article/details/137076621

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一个愿意伫立在巨人肩膀上的农民......

一、安装下载所需工具

1.打开终端，输入以下命令来更新软件源：

sudo apt-get update

2.安装wget：

sudo apt-get install wget

3.下载opencv和opencv-contrib包：

wget -O opencv-4.8.0.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/refs/tags/4.8.0.zip
wget -O opencv-contrib-4.8.0.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/refs/tags/4.8.0.zip

解压opencv-4.8.0.zip和opencv-contrib-4.8.0.zip，并解压出来的文件放在任意你喜欢的位置。

二、安装opencv依赖包

sudo apt-get install build-essential \
cmake \
git \
pkg-config \
libgtk-3-dev \
libavcodec-dev \
libavformat-dev \
libswscale-dev \
libv4l-dev \
libxvidcore-dev \
libx264-dev \
libjpeg-dev \
libpng-dev \
libtiff-dev \
gfortran \
openexr \
libatlas-base-dev \
python3-dev \
python3-numpy \
libtbb2 \
libtbb-dev \
libdc1394-dev \
libopenexr-dev \
libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev \
libgstreamer1.0-dev \
libopencv-highgui-dev

如果以上依赖安装报网络错误可以使用如下指令更换下载源为‘豆瓣源’

sudo add-apt-repository ‘deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main’
sudo apt update

三、编译opencv

1.首先我们来到第一节最后你喜欢放opencv和opencv-contrib文件夹的那个位置，在当前窗口右键‘在终端打开’，在打开的终端里输入：

mv opencv_contrib-4.8.0 opencv-4.8.0

该指令是将opencv_contrib_4.8.0文件夹放入opencv-4.8.0文件夹下，再执行：

cd opencv-4.8.0

该指令是前往opencv-4.8.0文件夹下，再执行：

mkdir build
cd build

该指令是在当前目录下新建build文件夹，并进入build文件夹下。

2.使用如下指令进行预编译：

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc-11 \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
-D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
-D WITH_CUDA=ON \
-D WITH_CUDNN=ON \
-D WITH_TBB=ON \
-D OPENCV_DNN_CUDA=OFF \
-D ENABLE_FAST_MATH=1 \
-D CUDA_FAST_MATH=1 \
-D CUDA_ARCH_BIN=8.9 \
-D WITH_CUBLAS=1 \
-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/ub/opencv-4.8.0/opencv_contrib_4.8.0/modules \
-D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/home/ub/anaconda3/envs/py10/bin/python3.10 \
-D PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=/home/ub/anaconda3/envs/py10/include/python3.10 \
-D PYTHON3_LIBRARY=/home/ub/anaconda3/envs/py10/lib/libpython3.10.so.1.0 \
-D PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/home/ub/anaconda3/envs/py10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/core/include \
-D PYTHON3_PACKAGES_PATH=/home/ub/anaconda3/envs/py10/lib/python3.10/site-packages \
-D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=/home/ub/anaconda3/envs/py10/bin/python3.10 \
-D CUDNN_LIBRARY=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudnn.so.8.9.0 \
-D CUDNN_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/local/cuda-11.8/targets/x86_64-linux/include  \
-D CUDA_CUDA_LIBRARY=/usr/local/cuda-11.8/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/stubs/libcuda.so \
-D OPENCV_PYTHON3_INSTALL_PATH=/home/ub/anaconda3/envs/py10/lib/python3.10/site-packages \
-D WITH_WEBP=OFF \
-D WITH_OPENCL=OFF \
-D ETHASHLCL=OFF \
-D ENABLE_CXX11=ON \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
-D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
-D WITH_GSTREAMER=ON \
-D WITH_V4L=ON \
-D WITH_QT=OFF \
-D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
-D BUILD_opencv_python2=OFF \
-D HAVE_opencv_python3=ON ..

此处预编译可能出现相应路径下找不到文件，因此按照自己电脑中cuda和cudnn安装的路径进行更改，其中本人由于安装cudnn时cudnn.h和libcudnn.so.8.9.0两个文件路径不对，因此此处解决方案是将两个文件找到之后，使用如下指令直接拷贝到报错处的目标文件夹下。

sudo cp /usr/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda-11.8/targets/x86_64-linux/include/

因为该拷贝有权限限制，建议使用指令获取权限拷贝。

3.编译

预编译完成之后，使用下方指令查看电脑核数：

nproc

使用下方指令开始加速编译和下载：

sudo make -j24
sudo make install

编译成功如下界面：

再执行：

sudo /bin/bash -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'
sudo ldconfig

四、配置环境变量

使用如下指令打开bashrc并对bashrc文件进行编辑并保存。

sudo gedit ~/.bashrc

在打开的.bashrc最后添加如下语句：

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH

保存并关闭，使用如下指令进行更新：

source ~/.bashrc

五、检查是否安装成功

检查opencv是否安装成功：

pkg-config --modversion opencv4
pkg-config --libs opencv4

打印如下界面，即是安装成功。

1.C++程序验证

也可以使用如下C++程序对代码进行测试，showPhoto.cpp

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
        Mat img = imread("./chart_yolov4_car_person_v7.png");
        imshow("LOVE", img);
        waitKey(0);
        return 0;
}

编译showPhoto.cpp运行

g++ -o main showPhoto.cpp `pkg-config opencv4 --cflags --libs`
./main

2.python程序验证

在终端上启动 python 并执行以下操作：

import cv2
print(cv2.getBuildInformation())

终端打印如下：

(base) ub@ub:~$ python
Python 3.11.3 (main, Apr 19 2023, 23:54:32) [GCC 11.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> print(cv2.getBuildInformation())

General configuration for OpenCV 4.6.0 =====================================
  Version control:               unknown

  Platform:
    Timestamp:                   2022-06-07T10:28:59Z
    Host:                        Linux 5.13.0-1025-azure x86_64
    CMake:                       3.22.5
    CMake generator:             Unix Makefiles
    CMake build tool:            /bin/gmake
    Configuration:               Release

  CPU/HW features:
    Baseline:                    SSE SSE2 SSE3
      requested:                 SSE3
    Dispatched code generation:  SSE4_1 SSE4_2 FP16 AVX AVX2 AVX512_SKX
      requested:                 SSE4_1 SSE4_2 AVX FP16 AVX2 AVX512_SKX
      SSE4_1 (16 files):         + SSSE3 SSE4_1
      SSE4_2 (1 files):          + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2
      FP16 (0 files):            + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 AVX
      AVX (4 files):             + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 AVX
      AVX2 (31 files):           + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 FMA3 AVX AVX2
      AVX512_SKX (5 files):      + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 FMA3 AVX AVX2 AVX_512F AVX512_COMMON AVX512_SKX

  C/C++:
    Built as dynamic libs?:      NO
    C++ standard:                11
    C++ Compiler:                /usr/lib/ccache/compilers/c++  (ver 10.2.1)
    C++ flags (Release):         -Wl,-strip-all   -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Wsuggest-override -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
    C++ flags (Debug):           -Wl,-strip-all   -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Wsuggest-override -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
    C Compiler:                  /usr/lib/ccache/compilers/cc
    C flags (Release):           -Wl,-strip-all   -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Wno-comment -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
    C flags (Debug):             -Wl,-strip-all   -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Wno-comment -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
    Linker flags (Release):      -Wl,--exclude-libs,libippicv.a -Wl,--exclude-libs,libippiw.a -L/root/ffmpeg_build/lib  -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,--no-undefined  
    Linker flags (Debug):        -Wl,--exclude-libs,libippicv.a -Wl,--exclude-libs,libippiw.a -L/root/ffmpeg_build/lib  -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,--no-undefined  
    ccache:                      YES
    Precompiled headers:         NO
    Extra dependencies:          /lib64/libopenblas.so Qt5::Core Qt5::Gui Qt5::Widgets Qt5::Test Qt5::Concurrent /usr/local/lib/libpng.so /lib64/libz.so dl m pthread rt
    3rdparty dependencies:       libprotobuf ade ittnotify libjpeg-turbo libwebp libtiff libopenjp2 IlmImf quirc ippiw ippicv

  OpenCV modules:
    To be built:                 calib3d core dnn features2d flann gapi highgui imgcodecs imgproc ml objdetect photo python3 stitching video videoio
    Disabled:                    world
    Disabled by dependency:      -
    Unavailable:                 java python2 ts
    Applications:                -
    Documentation:               NO
    Non-free algorithms:         NO

  GUI:                           QT5
    QT:                          YES (ver 5.15.0 )
      QT OpenGL support:         NO
    GTK+:                        NO
    VTK support:                 NO

  Media I/O: 
    ZLib:                        /lib64/libz.so (ver 1.2.7)
    JPEG:                        libjpeg-turbo (ver 2.1.2-62)
    WEBP:                        build (ver encoder: 0x020f)
    PNG:                         /usr/local/lib/libpng.so (ver 1.6.37)
    TIFF:                        build (ver 42 - 4.2.0)
    JPEG 2000:                   build (ver 2.4.0)
    OpenEXR:                     build (ver 2.3.0)
    HDR:                         YES
    SUNRASTER:                   YES
    PXM:                         YES
    PFM:                         YES

  Video I/O:
    DC1394:                      NO
    FFMPEG:                      YES
      avcodec:                   YES (58.134.100)
      avformat:                  YES (58.76.100)
      avutil:                    YES (56.70.100)
      swscale:                   YES (5.9.100)
      avresample:                NO
    GStreamer:                   NO
    v4l/v4l2:                    YES (linux/videodev2.h)

  Parallel framework:            pthreads

  Trace:                         YES (with Intel ITT)

  Other third-party libraries:
    Intel IPP:                   2020.0.0 Gold [2020.0.0]
           at:                   /io/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-build/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv_lnx/icv
    Intel IPP IW:                sources (2020.0.0)
              at:                /io/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-build/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv_lnx/iw
    VA:                          NO
    Lapack:                      YES (/lib64/libopenblas.so)
    Eigen:                       NO
    Custom HAL:                  NO
    Protobuf:                    build (3.19.1)

  OpenCL:                        YES (no extra features)
    Include path:                /io/opencv/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
    Link libraries:              Dynamic load

  Python 3:
    Interpreter:                 /opt/python/cp36-cp36m/bin/python3.6 (ver 3.6.15)
    Libraries:                   libpython3.6m.a (ver 3.6.15)
    numpy:                       /opt/python/cp36-cp36m/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.13.3)
    install path:                python/cv2/python-3

  Python (for build):            /bin/python2.7

  Java:                          
    ant:                         NO
    JNI:                         NO
    Java wrappers:               NO
    Java tests:                  NO

  Install to:                    /io/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install
-----------------------------------------------------------------

python测试程序：

#读取图片
import cv2
frame=cv2.imread('test.png')

#上传到gpu进行处理
gpu_frame=cv2.cuda_GpuMat()
gpu_frame.upload(frame)
print(gpu_frame.cudaPtr())

#resize
gpu_resframe=cv2.cuda.resize(gpu_frame,(1024,512))
cpu_resfram=gpu_resframe.download()
print(cpu_resfram.shape)

终端答应结果如下：

至此opencv_cuda版本安装完毕。

温馨提示：如果不需要连接CUDA可以在第三节第二条中删除参数：

PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE
PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR
PYTHON3_LIBRARY
PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS
PYTHON3_PACKAGES_PATH
PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE
OPENCV_PYTHON3_INSTALL_PATH

祝使用愉快，与君共勉。

欢迎在这里评论、沟通、指正。

创作不易，引用请附原文链接。。。。。。