单例模式

懒汉式

public class TestSingleton {

	private TestSingleton() {
	}

	private static volatile TestSingleton instance = null;//volatile禁止指令重排

	public static TestSingleton getInstance() {
		if (instance == null) {
			synchronized (TestSingleton.class) {
				if (instance == null) {
					instance = new TestSingleton();
				}
			}
		}
		return instance;
	}

}

//同步延迟加载 — synchronized块
但是这种实现方式的运行效率仍然比较低，事实上，和使用synchronized方法的版本相比，基本没有任何效率上的提高

public class Singleton2 {
   private static Singleton2 singleton2;
   private Singleton2(){}
   public static Singleton2 getSingleton2(){	
       synchronized(Singleton2.class){  // 使用 synchronized 块，临界资源的同步互斥访问
  if (singleton2 == null) { 
               singleton2 = new Singleton2();
           	 }
       	 }
        return singleton2;
   	 }
}

饿汉式(天生是线程安全的)

public class Test{
private Test(){
}

private static volatile Test test=new Test();

public static getTest(){
test=new Test();
}
}