将globalfifo_platform改写成misc字符设备

将globalfifo_platform改写成misc字符设备

由于linux 驱动倾向于分层设计，所以各个具体的设备都可以找到它归属的类型，从而套到它相应的架构里面去，并且只需要实现最底层的那一部分。但是，也有部分类似globalmem、globalfifo的字符设备，确实不知道它属于沈类型，我们一般推荐大家采用miscdevice框架结构。miscdevice本质上也是字符设备，只是在miscdevice核心层的misc_init()中，通过register_chrdev(MISC_MAJOR,“misc”,&misc_fops)注册了字符设备，而具体miscdevice 实列调用misc_register()的时候又自动完成了device_create()、获取动态次设备号的动作

上文摘抄自《Linux设备驱动开发详解：基于最新的Linux 4.0内核》

注意：
1.在misc中，设备的fops中的open函数，不能指定filp->private_data为&dev->miscdev
这样会导致
struct globalfifo_dev *dev = container_of(filp->private_data,struct globalfifo_dev,miscdev);
获取不到 ，引发死机
2. 同样需要在/dev下，根据驱动反馈的次设备号，创建设备节点

/*
* 验证阻塞与非阻塞操作
*此版本添加了互斥体
*进程间互斥访问共享资源（globalfifo）
*
*文件中，读fifo将唤醒写filo的进程（如果之前fifo正好是满的）
*       写fifo将唤醒读fifo的进程（如果之前fifo正好是空的）
*
*将globalfifo作为platform设备
*完成两个工作
* 1.将globalfifo移植为platform驱动
* 2.在板文件中添加globalfifo这个platform设备
*
*添加模块驱动作为misc
*/

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>

#define GLOBALFIFO_SIZE 0x1000
//#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1
#define GLOBALFIFO_MAGIC 'f'
#define MEM_CLEAR _IO(GLOBALFIFO_MAGIC,0)
#define GLOBALFIFO_MAJOR 231

#define DEVICE_NUM 1 //同主设备号，不同次设备号有1个

static int globalfifo_major = GLOBALFIFO_MAJOR;
module_param(globalfifo_major,int ,S_IRUGO);

struct globalfifo_dev
{
    struct cdev cdev;
    unsigned int current_len; //表示目前的FIFO中的有效长度，如果为0,表示FIFO为空，如果是GLOBALFIFO_SIZE，表示FIFO满了
    unsigned char mem[GLOBALFIFO_SIZE];
    struct mutex globalfifo_mutex;
    wait_queue_head_t r_wait;
    wait_queue_head_t w_wait;
    struct miscdevice miscdev;
};

struct globalfifo_dev * globalfifo_devp;


static loff_t globalfifo_llseek(struct file *filp,loff_t offset, int orig)
{
    loff_t ret = 0;
    switch (orig)
    {
        case 0://从文件开头位置seek
            if (offset < 0  || (unsigned int)offset > GLOBALFIFO_SIZE)
            {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
            filp->f_pos = (unsigned int)offset;
            ret = filp->f_pos;
            break;
        case 1://从文件当前位置seek
            if ((filp->f_pos + offset) < 0  || (filp->f_pos + offset) > GLOBALFIFO_SIZE)
            {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                break;
            }
            filp->f_pos = (unsigned int)offset;
            ret = filp->f_pos;
            break;
        default:
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
    }
    return ret;
}

	
ssize_t globalfifo_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,
			 size_t size, loff_t *pos)
{
    unsigned int count = size;
    int ret = 0;
    struct globalfifo_dev *dev = container_of(filp->private_data,struct globalfifo_dev,miscdev);
    // if (p > GLOBALFIFO_SIZE)
    //     return 0;
    // if (count > GLOBALFIFO_SIZE - p)
    //     count = GLOBALFIFO_SIZE - p;
    DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait,current);

    mutex_lock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
    add_wait_queue(&dev->w_wait,&wait);
    printk(KERN_INFO "globalfifo_devp->current_len is %d\n",globalfifo_devp->current_len);
    while (dev->current_len == GLOBALFIFO_SIZE)//如果当前的fifo为满，则进程阻塞
    {
        if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)//判断是否以非阻塞打开的设备文件（/dev/globalfifo）
        {
            //非阻塞就直接返回了
            ret = -EAGAIN;
            goto out;
        }
        //阻塞就让本函数休眠
        __set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
        mutex_unlock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
        schedule();
        if(signal_pending(current))//判断是否是信号唤醒的
        {
            //是信号唤醒的
            ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
            goto out2;
        }
        //不是信号唤醒的，可以操作了 ，此时再上锁dev->current_len != GLOBALFIFO_SIZE
        mutex_lock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
    }

    if (dev->current_len + count > GLOBALFIFO_SIZE)
        count = GLOBALFIFO_SIZE - dev->current_len;

    if (copy_from_user(&dev->mem[dev->current_len],buf,count))
    {
        ret = -EFAULT;
        goto out;
    } else {
        dev->current_len += count;
        printk(KERN_INFO "written %u bytes(s) from %u \n",count,dev->current_len-count);
        wake_up_interruptible(&dev->r_wait); //写入后再唤醒读（如果有读进程堵塞）
        ret = count;
    }
out:
    mutex_unlock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
out2:    
    remove_wait_queue(&dev->w_wait,&wait);
    set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
    return ret;
}
ssize_t globalfifo_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf,
			size_t size, loff_t *pos)
{
    unsigned int count = size;
    int ret = 0;
    struct globalfifo_dev *dev = container_of(filp->private_data,struct globalfifo_dev,miscdev);
    DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait,current);

    mutex_lock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
    add_wait_queue(&dev->r_wait,&wait);
    
    while (dev->current_len == 0)//如果当前的fifo为空，则进程阻塞
    {
        if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)//判断是否以非阻塞打开的设备文件（/dev/globalfifo）
        {
            //非阻塞就直接返回了
            ret = -EAGAIN;
            goto out;
        }
        //阻塞就让本函数休眠
        __set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
        mutex_unlock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
        schedule();
        if(signal_pending(current))//判断是否是信号唤醒的
        {
            //是信号唤醒的
            ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
            goto out2;
        }
        //不是信号唤醒的，可以操作了 ，此时再上锁dev->current_len != 0
        mutex_lock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
    }

    if (count > dev->current_len)
        count = dev->current_len;

    if (copy_to_user(buf, dev->mem,count))
    {
        ret = -EFAULT;
        goto out;
    } else {
        memcpy(dev->mem , dev->mem +count , dev->current_len - count);//将剩下的内容拷贝到前面去
        dev->current_len -= count;
        printk(KERN_INFO "read %u bytes(s) from %u \n",count,dev->current_len);
        wake_up_interruptible(&dev->w_wait);//读出后后再唤醒写（如果有写进程堵塞）
        ret = count;
    }
out:
    mutex_unlock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
out2:    
    remove_wait_queue(&dev->w_wait,&wait);
    set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
    return ret;
}
/*
在misc中，设备的fops中的open函数，不能指定filp->private_data为&dev->miscdev
这样会导致
struct globalfifo_dev *dev = container_of(filp->private_data,struct globalfifo_dev,miscdev);
获取不到 ，引发死机
*/
int globalfifo_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    //filp->private_data = globalfifo_devp;
    //如果有多个设备，主设备号相同，只是次设备号不同，驱动这样写

    //从inode->i_cdev中找到类型为struct globalfifo_dev的成员
    // struct globalfifo_dev * dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev,struct globalfifo_dev,cdev); //container_of(ptr,type,member)
    // filp->private_data = &dev->miscdev;
    return 0;
}
int globalfifo_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    return 0;
}
long globalfifo_ioctl (struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    struct globalfifo_dev *dev = container_of(filp->private_data,struct globalfifo_dev,miscdev);

    switch (cmd)
    {
        case MEM_CLEAR:
            mutex_lock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
            memset(dev->mem , 0 ,GLOBALFIFO_SIZE);
            mutex_unlock(&dev->globalfifo_mutex);
            printk(KERN_INFO "globalfifo is set to zero \n");
            break;
        default:
            return -EINVAL;
    }
    return 0;

}
static const struct file_operations globalfifo_fops = {
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .llseek = globalfifo_llseek,
    .read = globalfifo_read,
    .write = globalfifo_write,
    .unlocked_ioctl = globalfifo_ioctl,
    .open = globalfifo_open,
    .release = globalfifo_release,
};



// static void globalfifo_setup_cdev(struct globalfifo_dev *dev,int index)
// {
//     int err,devno = MKDEV(globalfifo_major,index);
//     printk(KERN_INFO "index is %d\n",index); //添加打印代码是不想编译时这个代码被优化掉，导致次设备号的设备打不开
//     cdev_init(&dev->cdev ,&globalfifo_fops);
//     printk(KERN_INFO "dev->cdev is %p\n",&dev->cdev);
//     dev->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
//     err = cdev_add(&dev->cdev ,devno, 1);
//     if(err)
//         printk(KERN_NOTICE "Error %d adding globalfifo%d",err,index);
// }

static int globalfifo_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
    int ret;
    //将下面都注释掉，注册字符设备将由misc来完成
    // dev_t devno = MKDEV(globalfifo_major,0);
    // if (globalfifo_major)
    //     ret = register_chrdev_region(devno,DEVICE_NUM,"globalfifo");
    // else{
    //     ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno,0,DEVICE_NUM,"globalfifo");
    //     globalfifo_major = MAJOR(devno);
    // }

    // if (ret < 0)
    //     return ret;
    
    globalfifo_devp = kzalloc(sizeof(struct globalfifo_dev),GFP_KERNEL);
    if (!globalfifo_devp)
    {
        ret = -ENOMEM;
        goto fail_malloc;
    }
    globalfifo_devp->current_len = 0;
    globalfifo_devp->miscdev.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR;
    globalfifo_devp->miscdev.name = "globalfifo_misc";
    globalfifo_devp->miscdev.fops = &globalfifo_fops;
    // for (i = 0;i < DEVICE_NUM;i++)
    // {
    //     mutex_init(&(globalfifo_devp+i)->globalfifo_mutex);
    //     init_waitqueue_head(&(globalfifo_devp+i)->r_wait);
    //     init_waitqueue_head(&(globalfifo_devp+i)->w_wait);
    //     //globalfifo_setup_cdev(globalfifo_devp + i,i);
    // }
    mutex_init(&globalfifo_devp->globalfifo_mutex);
    init_waitqueue_head(&globalfifo_devp->r_wait);
    init_waitqueue_head(&globalfifo_devp->w_wait);
    platform_set_drvdata(pdev,globalfifo_devp);
    ret = misc_register(&globalfifo_devp->miscdev);//在这里完成了device_create()，cdev的创建，所以将globalfifo_setup_cdev()函数注释了
    printk(KERN_INFO "misc minor is %d\n",globalfifo_devp->miscdev.minor);
    if(ret < 0)
    {
        printk(KERN_INFO "misc_register failed ...\n");
        goto fail_malloc;
    }
    return 0;
fail_malloc:
    return ret;
}


static int globalfifo_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
    // int i = 0;
    struct globalfifo_dev *globalfifo_devp = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
    // for (i = 0;i < DEVICE_NUM;i++)
    //     cdev_del(&(globalfifo_devp+i)->cdev);
    misc_deregister(&globalfifo_devp->miscdev);
    kfree(globalfifo_devp);
  
    //unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(globalfifo_major,0),DEVICE_NUM);
    return 0;
}

static struct platform_driver globalfifo_driver = {
    .driver = {
        .name = "globalfifo",
        .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    },
    .probe = globalfifo_probe,
    .remove = globalfifo_remove,
};
module_platform_driver(globalfifo_driver);
MODULE_AUTHOR("good man");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");