Python（一）体验python程序

前言

该系列文章用来记录一下自己在B站学习python时，进行上机练习用的代码 ——使用 pycharm 2020.3.3

【慕课】Python语言基础与应用-北京大学-陈斌-字幕校对

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一、判断这一天是这一年的第几天？

# 输入某年某月某日，判断这一天是这一年的第几天?
import datetime

dtstr = input('Enter the datetime: (20170228) : ')
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(dtstr, "%Y%m%d")
another_dtstr = dtstr[:4] + '0101'
another_dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(another_dtstr, "%Y%m%d")
print(int((dt - another_dt).days) + 1)

二、统计字符个数

# 输入一行字符，分别统计出其中英文字母空格。数字和其他字符的个数。
import string

s = input('input a string:')
letter = 0
space = 0
digit = 0
other = 0
for c in s:
    if c.isalpha():
        letter+=1
    elif c.isspace():
        space+=1
    elif c.isdigit():
        digit+=1
    else:
        other+=1
print('There are %d letters,%d space,%d digits,and %d other characters in your string.'%(letter,space,digit,other))

三、归并排序

# merge sort
# 归并排序
import random


def merge_sort(data_list):
    if len(data_list) <= 1:
        return data_list
    middle = int(len(data_list) / 2)
    left = merge_sort(data_list[:middle])
    right = merge_sort(data_list[middle:])
    merge = []
    while left and right:
        merge.append(left.pop(0) if left[0] <= right[0] else right.pop(0))
    merge.extend(right if right else left)
    return merge


data_list = [random.randint(1, 100) for _ in range(50)]
print(merge_sort(data_list))

四、猜数字游戏

# 猜数字游戏
import random

secret = random.randint(1, 100)
print('''猜数字游戏！
我想了一个1~100的整数，你最多可以猜6次，看看能猜出来吗？''')
tries = 1
while tries <= 6:
    guess = int(input("1~100的整数,第%d猜，请输入：" % (tries,)))
    if guess == secret:
        print("恭喜答对了!你只猜了%d次! \n就是这个: %d" % (tries, secret))
        break
    elif guess > secret:
        print("不好意思，你的数大了点！")
    else:
        print("不好意思，你的数小了点！")
    tries += 1
else:
    print("哎呀，怎么也没猜中，再见！")