习题 3-7 DNA序列（DNA Consensus String，ACM/ICPC Seoul 2006，UVa 1368）

/*
*   善用getchar()去除缓存区的控制符，以免其影响后续字符矩阵输入 
*/ 
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
char N[55][1010];
int main() 
{
    char s1[] = "ACGT", ans[55];
    int s2[5] ={0};
    int Ham = 0;
    int m,n;
    scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
    getchar();
    for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
        for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)
            scanf("%c", &N[i][j]);
        getchar();
    }
    for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
        memset(s2, 0, sizeof(s2));
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
            switch(N[i][j]) {
                case 'A': s2[0]++; break;
                case 'C': s2[1]++; break;
                case 'G': s2[2]++; break;
                case 'T': s2[3]++; break;
            }
        }
        int max = s2[0], temp = 0;
        for(int i = 1; i < 4; i++) {
            if(max < s2[i]) {
                max = s2[i];
                temp = i;
            }
        }
        Ham += (m - max);
        ans[j] = s1[temp];
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("%c", ans[i]);
    }
    printf(", %d ", Ham);
    return 0;
}