四种线程池的创建的底层实现

四种线程池的创建的底层实现

由上图中可知，四种线程其实都是有Executors来调用相应构造器实现创建的

由上图可知，newCachedThreadPool()创建可缓存的线程池底层实际还是调用ThreadPoolExecutor类的构造器返回的实例对象实现的。

newFixedThreadPool（）创建定长线程池的底层也是由ThreadPoolExecutor类的构造器返回的实例对象实现的。

由上述两个图可知，newScheduledThreadPool（）创建定长且可定时的线程池的底层是由ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor类的构造器创建实例实现的；而ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor又继承了ThreadPoolExecutor类

newSingleThreadExecutor（）创建单线程线程池的底层也是由ThreadPoolExecutor类的构造器返回的实例对象实现的。

代码实例演示线程池的实现：

newCachedThreadPool()实现可缓存线程池：

@Slf4j
public class ThreadPoolExample1 {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        ExecutorService e = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
 
        for (int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++){
            final int index = i;
            e.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    log.info("task:{}" ,index);
                }
            });
        }
        e.shutdown();
    }
}

执行并打印结果：

22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:1
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:2
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-6] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:5
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-9] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:8
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-8] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:7
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:0
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-7] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:6
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-10] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:9
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:3
22:59:26.711 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample1 - task:4
 
Process finished with exit code 0

newFixedThreadPool()实现定长线程池：

@Slf4j
public class ThreadPoolExample2 {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        ExecutorService e = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
 
        for (int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++){
            final int index = i;
            e.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    log.info("task:{}" ,index);
                }
            });
        }
        e.shutdown();
    }
}

执行并打印结果：

23:02:02.958 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:1
23:02:02.958 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:0
23:02:02.958 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:2
23:02:02.964 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:3
23:02:02.964 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:5
23:02:02.964 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:4
23:02:02.964 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:6
23:02:02.964 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:8
23:02:02.964 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:7
23:02:02.964 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample2 - task:9
 
Process finished with exit code 0

newSingleThreadExecutor（）创建单线程线程池：

ExecutorService e = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();

执行并打印结果：

23:04:33.663 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:0
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:1
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:2
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:3
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:4
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:5
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:6
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:7
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:8
23:04:33.670 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample3 - task:9
 
Process finished with exit code 0

由结果可知，单线程线程池中，线程任务的执行是有序的。

newScheduledThreadPool（）创建定长的线程池：

ScheduledExecutorService executorService = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(5);

执行并打印结果：

23:07:51.452 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:1
23:07:51.452 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:2
23:07:51.452 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:4
23:07:51.452 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:0
23:07:51.459 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:6
23:07:51.459 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:7
23:07:51.459 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:8
23:07:51.459 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:9
23:07:51.452 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:3
23:07:51.459 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample4 - task:5

newScheduledThreadPool（）创建定长且可定时的线程池：

单次执行定时任务：

executorService.schedule(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        log.warn("schedule run");
    }
},3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  //定时执行，3秒后执行任务

执行并打印结果：

23:15:13.526 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run

延迟多次执行定时任务：

executorService.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        log.warn("schedule run");
    }
},1,3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  // 以指定的延迟去执行任务，每隔3秒执行一次任务

执行并打印结果：

23:16:22.111 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run
23:16:25.110 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run
23:16:28.110 [pool-1-thread-2] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run
23:16:31.109 [pool-1-thread-1] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run
23:16:34.109 [pool-1-thread-3] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run
23:16:37.109 [pool-1-thread-3] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run
23:16:40.109 [pool-1-thread-3] WARN com.mmall.concurrency.example.threadPool.ThreadPoolExample5 - schedule run

线程池 - 合理配置

• CPU密集型任务，就需要尽量压榨CPU，参考值可以设为 NCPU + 1
• IO密集型任务，参考值可以设置为2*NCPU