测试

测试工具（postman）

• 作用：可以帮我们少写好多前台要提交数据的jsp页面

配置方面

• 在我们pom.xml文件中

<dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
          <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.3</version>
      </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.6</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--<dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>-->
    <!--<dependency>
      <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.0</version>
    </dependency>-->


    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

• 在web.xml文件中我们还需要配置一些

//把提交文件的编码格式改为UTF-8
<filter>
    <filter-name>characterFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 指定SpringMVC 配置文件位置，DispatcherServlet初始化时会初始化Spring上下文（WebApplicationContext） -->
    <!-- 默认配置文件寻找位置：/WEB-INF/{servlet-name}-servlet.xml，如果名字符合默认寻找规则，可以不指定配置文件路径 -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 配置容器启动时初始化DispatcherServlet -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

• 接着写测试方法

package com.lanou3g.springmvc.web;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Slf4j
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    /**
     * 提前初识化一些数据，在RequestMapping方法中，可以通过给方法参数添加@ModelAttribute来使用
     * @return
     */
    @ModelAttribute
    public Map<String, String> prepareData() {
        Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<>();
        data.put("sname", "张四丰");
        return data;
    }

    /**
     * 获取请求中的普通参数(GET、POST)
     * @param sname
     * @param age
     * @param gender
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/param")
    public String testRequestParam(@RequestParam("sname") String sname, @RequestParam("age") Integer age, Integer gender, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("sname", sname);
        model.addAttribute("age", age);
        log.debug("sname: " + sname + ", age: " + age+", gender: " + gender);
        return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * 获取URI中的变量，通常用于RESTFull服务
     * @param sname
     * @param age
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
        @RequestMapping("/path_var/{sname}/{age}")
    public String testPathVar(@PathVariable("sname") String sname,@PathVariable Integer age, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("sname", sname);
        model.addAttribute("age", age);
        log.debug("sname: " + sname + ", age: " + age);
        return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * 获取请求头参数
     * @param sname
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/header")
    public String testReqHeader(@RequestHeader("sname") String sname, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("sname", sname);
        log.debug("sname: " + sname);
        return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * 获取作用域参数
     * @param sname
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/attr")
    public String testAttr(@SessionAttribute(value = "sname", required = false) String sname, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("sname", sname);
        log.debug("sname: " + sname);
        return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * 获取Cookie参数
     * @param sname
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/cookie")
    public String testCookie(@CookieValue("sname") String sname, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("sname", sname);
        log.debug("sname: " + sname);
        return "hello";
    }

    /**
     * 测试@ModelAttribute作用
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/model_attr")
    public String testModelAttr(@ModelAttribute Map<String, String> data, Model model) {
        log.debug("model key: sname ->" + data.get("sname"));
        model.addAttribute("sname", data.get("sname"));
        return "hello";
    }
     @RequestMapping("pp")
     public  String testReqParm(@RequestParam("sname") String sname,@RequestParam("age") Integer
                                age ,Model model){
        model.addAttribute("sname",sname);
        model.addAttribute("age",age);
        log.debug("sname:"+sname+"age:"+age);
        return  "hello";
     }


}

• 用来接收数据的jsp页面

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: John
  Date: 2019/6/28
  Time: 15:31
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Hello</title>
</head>
<body>
    Welcome !!!

    <br />

    参数值: ${sname}: ${age}

</body>
</html>

• 获取请求中的普通参数(GET、POST)的测试演示
  
• 获取URL中的变量（测试）
  
• 获取请求头参数（测试）