SpringMVC请求流程

1. 流程简要概括

1. 遍历HandlerMapping集合得到HandlerExecutionChain，HandlerExecutionChain中包含Handler和Intercepetor (处理器和拦截器)
2. 通过HandlerExecutionChain中的Handler获取HandlerAdapter
3. 执行前置拦截器 applyPreHandle
4. 执行目标方法返回 ModelAndView
5. 执行后置拦截器 applyPostHandle
6. 处理返回结果 processDispatchResult
   1. 使用ViewResolver解析ModelAndView
   2. afterCompletion

说明：可以通过实现HandlerInterceptor接口重写方法preHandle、postHandle、afterCompletion来在请求执行的前后加入自己的逻辑。

2. 流程详情

入口方法：DispatcherServlet.doDispatch()
以下源码有所精简，只包含核心逻辑。

1. 遍历HandlerMapping集合，返回HandlerExecutionChain

• HandlerMapping：定义了请求到处理器的映射
• HandlerExecutionChain：包含Handler(处理器)、Interceptor(拦截器)

说明：如果没有映射，mapperedHandler就为null，于是就返回了404页面

mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);

for (HandlerMapping mapping : this.handlerMappings) {
    HandlerExecutionChain handler = mapping.getHandler(request);
    if (handler != null) {
        return handler;
    }
}

mapping.getHandler(request) ：得到Handler

Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request);
if (handler == null) {
	handler = getDefaultHandler();
}
if (handler instanceof String) {
	String handlerName = (String) handler;
	handler = obtainApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
}

getHandlerExecutionChain(handler, request)：把Handler和Interceptor放入Chain

HandlerExecutionChain chain = new HandlerExecutionChain(handler);
chain.addInterceptor(mappedInterceptor.getInterceptor());

2. 遍历HandlerAdapter集合，找到支持此Handler的HandlerAdapter

• HandlerAdapter：调用目标方法前由此适配器处理一些事情，如表单类型校验，数据类型转换等。

HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

for (HandlerAdapter adapter : this.handlerAdapters) {
    if (adapter.supports(handler)) {
        return adapter;
    }
}

3. 调用preHandler方法进行拦截

if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
	return;
}

默认返回true，可以重写preHandle接口返回false，则请求无法往下执行。

HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
	for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
		HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
		if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
			return false;
		}
		this.interceptorIndex = i;
	}
}
return true;

4. 调用目标方法，返回ModelAndView

mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

5. 调用postHandler方法进行拦截

mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);

HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
	for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
		interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
	}
}

6. 处理最终结果

processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);

if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
	render(mv, request, response);
	if (errorView) {
		WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
	}
}

render方法里找到

view = resolveViewName(viewName, mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request);

遍历ViewResolver集合找到一个可以使用的视图解析器进行解析返回

for (ViewResolver viewResolver : this.viewResolvers) {
	View view = viewResolver.resolveViewName(viewName, locale);
	if (view != null) {
		return view;
	}
}

最后执行afterCompletion方法

mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);