完整的嵌入式环境配置 ubuntu18

安装ubuntu18.04
    如果是虚拟机上面的系统   
                网络配置 net或桥接（注意网卡别冲突和选错）
                安装VMware tool工具
    改标签
    换源
    安装SSH服务
    安装NFS和tft服务
    基本依赖
    搭建GCC编译环境    
    搭建arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ARM编译环境
    安装VS code 编辑器

 

网络配置 net或桥接（注意网卡别冲突和选错）

安装VMware tool工具
         点击虚拟机上安装选项， 去ubuntu解压
               tar -zxvf
    然后运行.pl一直回车直到安装完成

改标签：gedit .bashrc
      

 PS1="\[\e[35;40m\]\u\[\e[32;40m\]@\[\e[31;40m\]\W \[\e[36;40m\]\A\[\e[33;40m\]>>\[\e[0m\]"

    source .bashrc

换源：sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

# 中科大镜像源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# 阿里镜像源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

安装SSH服务：sudo service sshd status

    sudo apt-get install openssh-server

    ssh 的配置文件为/etc/ssh/sshd_config 默认即可

安装NFS和tft服务：sudo apt-get install tftp-hpa tftpd-hpa
        mkdir -p /home/hong/tftpboot
         chmod 777 /home/hong/tftpboot
         sudo vim /etc/default/tftpd-hpa   
                        TFTP_USERNAME="tftp"
                        TFTP_DIRECTORY="/home/hong/tftpboot"
                        TFTP_ADDRESS=":69"
                        TFTP_OPTIONS="-l -c -s"
        sudo service tftpd-hpa restart

        sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server
        mkdir  /home/hong/nfs_rootfs
        chmod 777 /home/hong/nfs_rootfs
        vim /etc/exports
                /home/hong/nfs_rootfs/  *(rw,nohide,insecure,no_subtree_check,async,no_root_squash)
        sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart

        sudo  mount  -t  nfs  127.0.0.1:/home/hong/nfs_rootfs    /mnt

 

基本依赖：
sudo apt-get install gcc make git vim python net-tools openssh-server \
  python-dev build-essential subversion \
 libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev gawk gcc-multilib flex git-core gettext  \
  gfortran libssl-dev libpcre3-dev xlibmesa-glu-dev libglew1.5-dev \
  libftgl-dev libmysqlclient-dev libfftw3-dev libcfitsio-dev graphviz-dev \
  libavahi-compat-libdnssd-dev libldap2-dev  libxml2-dev p7zip-full \
  libkrb5-dev libgsl0-dev  u-boot-tools  -y

做完以上步骤后，装arm编译环境

搭建GCC编译环境:一般默认都有了，可以简单测试一些能不能用

gcc -v

搭建arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ARM编译环境:
        下载压缩包，解压到你设置的文件夹下面
        然后配置路径环境变量
        比如
        vim ~/.bashrc
        export PATH=$PATH:/home/hong/arm_gcc/gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin
    
        就可以了，然后重启，
        sudo apt-get install lsb-core lib32stdc++6
        arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v 看看有没有安装成功

安装VS code 编辑器
        sudo dpkg -i code_1.35.3-1552606978_amd64.deb
        图标添加到 Ubuntu 桌面上，安装的所
        有软件图标都在目录/usr/share/applications
        直接桌面操作，然后添加到桌面后图标还不会显示出来
        点一下进去软件后就显示出来