JS笔记1.6--字符串常用方法和模板字符串

模板字符串

参考文章：阮一峰ES6字符串的扩展

        let name ='jiaody';
        let age = 23;
        let str =`my name is ${name},my age is ${age}`;
        console.log(str);//my name is jiaody,my age is 23

字符串的常用方法

获取字符串的长度：字符串 .length

        let str = "abcd";
        console.log(str.length);//4

获取字符串的某个字符： 字符串[索引] or 字符串.charAt(索引)

        let str = "abcd";
        //let ch = str[1];
        let ch = str.charAt(1);
        console.log(ch);//b

获取字符串的某个字符的索引值：字符串.indexOf(‘字符’) or 字符串.lastIndexOf(‘字符串’) or 字符串.includes(‘字符’)

        let str = "vavcd";
        let index1 = str.indexOf("v");
        let index2 = str.lastIndexOf("v");
        console.log(index1);//0
        console.log(index2);//2
        let result = str.includes("p");
        console.log(result);//false

字符串拼接：字符串1 + 字符串2 or 字符串1.concat(字符串2)

        let str1 = "www";
        let str2 = "it666";
        let str = str1 + str2; // 推荐
        //let str = str1.concat(str2);
        console.log(str);//wwwit666

截取子字符串：slice or substr or substring

        let str = "abcdef";
        // let subStr = str.slice(1, 3);
        // let subStr = str.substring(1, 3);
        let subStr = str.substr(1, 3);
        console.log(subStr);//bcd

判断是否以指定字符串开头/结尾：字符串.startsWith(‘某个字符串’) 字符串.endsWith(‘某个字符串’)

        let str = "http://www.it666.com";
        let result = str.startsWith("www");
        console.log(result);//false
        
        let str = "lnj.jpg";
        let result = str.endsWith("png");
        console.log(result);//false

字符串切割：join()将数组按分隔符拼接成字符串 / split()

        let arr = [1,2,3,4];
        let str = arr.join('-')
        console.log(str); //1-2-3-4
        console.log(typeof str); //string

        let str = '1-2-3-4';
        let arr =str.split('-');
        console.log(arr);//(4) ["1", "2", "3", "4"]
        console.log(arr.__proto__.constructor === Array);//true