pandas 插入空列_Pandas.DataFrame插入列和行

以csv实例文件操作插入DataFrame的列和行

文件名：example.csv

内容：

date

spring

summer

autumn

winter

2000

12.233881

16.907301

15.692383

14.085962

2001

12.847481

16.750469

14.514066

13.503746

2002

13.558175

17.203393

15.699948

13.233652

2003

12.654725

16.894915

15.661465

12.843479

2004

13.253730

17.046967

15.209054

14.364791

2005

13.444305

16.745982

16.622188

11.610823

2006

13.505696

16.833579

15.497928

12.199344

2007

13.488526

16.667733

15.817014

13.743822

2008

13.151532

16.486507

15.729573

12.932336

2009

13.457715

16.639238

18.260180

12.653159

2010

13.194548

16.728689

15.426353

13.883358

2011

14.347794

16.689421

14.176580

12.366542

2012

13.605087

17.130568

14.717968

13.292552

2013

13.027908

17.386193

16.203455

13.186121

2014

12.746682

16.544287

14.736768

12.870651

2015

13.465904

16.506123

12.442437

11.018138

插入列

先把数据按列分割，然后再把分出去的列重新插入原数据块中。

In [1]:

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

table = pd.read_csv('example.csv')

table

Out[1]:

date spring summer autumn winter

0 2000 12.233881 16.907301 15.692383 14.085962

1 2001 12.847481 16.750469 14.514066 13.503746

2 2002 13.558175 17.203393 15.699948 13.233652

3 2003 12.654725 16.894915 15.661465 12.843479

4 2004 13.253730 17.046967 15.209054 14.364791

5 2005 13.444305 16.745982 16.622188 11.610823

6 2006 13.505696 16.833579 15.497928 12.199344

7 2007 13.488526 16.667733 15.817014 13.743822

8 2008 13.151532 16.486507 15.729573 12.932336

9 2009 13.457715 16.639238 18.260180 12.653159

10 2010 13.194548 16.728689 15.426353 13.883358

11 2011 14.347794 16.689421 14.176580 12.366542

12 2012 13.605087 17.130568 14.717968 13.292552

13 2013 13.027908 17.386193 16.203455 13.186121

14 2014 12.746682 16.544287 14.736768 12.870651

15 2015 13.465904 16.506123 12.442437 11.018138

In [2]:

date = table.pop('date')

date

Out[2]:

0 2000

1 2001

2 2002

3 2003

4 2004

5 2005

6 2006

7 2007

8 2008

9 2009

10 2010

11 2011

12 2012

13 2013

14 2014

15 2015

Name: date, dtype: int64

In [3]:

summer = table.pop('summer')

summer

Out[3]:

0 16.907301

1 16.750469

2 17.203393

3 16.894915

4 17.046967

5 16.745982

6 16.833579

7 16.667733

8 16.486507

9 16.639238

10 16.728689

11 16.689421

12 17.130568

13 17.386193

14 16.544287

15 16.506123

Name: summer, dtype: float64

In [4]:

winter = table.pop('winter')

winter

Out[4]:

0 14.085962

1 13.503746

2 13.233652

3 12.843479

4 14.364791

5 11.610823

6 12.199344

7 13.743822

8 12.932336

9 12.653159

10 13.883358

11 12.366542

12 13.292552

13 13.186121

14 12.870651

15 11.018138

Name: winter, dtype: float64

In [5]:

table

Out[5]:

spring autumn

0 12.233881 15.692383

1 12.847481 14.514066

2 13.558175 15.699948

3 12.654725 15.661465

4 13.253730 15.209054

5 13.444305 16.622188

6 13.505696 15.497928

7 13.488526 15.817014

8 13.151532 15.729573

9 13.457715 18.260180

10 13.194548 15.426353

11 14.347794 14.176580

12 13.605087 14.717968

13 13.027908 16.203455

14 12.746682 14.736768

15 13.465904 12.442437

分割完毕，现在要把各列重新插入，除在最右侧插入用标签直接创建外，其他列用.insert()方法进行插入。

In [6]:

table.insert(0,'date',date)

table

Out[6]:

date spring autumn

0 2000 12.233881 15.692383

1 2001 12.847481 14.514066

2 2002 13.558175 15.699948

3 2003 12.654725 15.661465

4 2004 13.253730 15.209054

5 2005 13.444305 16.622188

6 2006 13.505696 15.497928

7 2007 13.488526 15.817014

8 2008 13.151532 15.729573

9 2009 13.457715 18.260180

10 2010 13.194548 15.426353

11 2011 14.347794 14.176580

12 2012 13.605087 14.717968

13 2013 13.027908 16.203455

14 2014 12.746682 14.736768

15 2015 13.465904 12.442437

In [7]:

table.insert(2,'summer',summer)

table

Out[7]:

date spring summer autumn

0 2000 12.233881 16.907301 15.692383

1 2001 12.847481 16.750469 14.514066

2 2002 13.558175 17.203393 15.699948

3 2003 12.654725 16.894915 15.661465

4 2004 13.253730 17.046967 15.209054

5 2005 13.444305 16.745982 16.622188

6 2006 13.505696 16.833579 15.497928

7 2007 13.488526 16.667733 15.817014

8 2008 13.151532 16.486507 15.729573

9 2009 13.457715 16.639238 18.260180

10 2010 13.194548 16.728689 15.426353

11 2011 14.347794 16.689421 14.176580

12 2012 13.605087 17.130568 14.717968

13 2013 13.027908 17.386193 16.203455

14 2014 12.746682 16.544287 14.736768

15 2015 13.465904 16.506123 12.442437

In [8]:

table['winter'] = winter

table

Out[8]:

date spring summer autumn winter

0 2000 12.233881 16.907301 15.692383 14.085962

1 2001 12.847481 16.750469 14.514066 13.503746

2 2002 13.558175 17.203393 15.699948 13.233652

3 2003 12.654725 16.894915 15.661465 12.843479

4 2004 13.253730 17.046967 15.209054 14.364791

5 2005 13.444305 16.745982 16.622188 11.610823

6 2006 13.505696 16.833579 15.497928 12.199344

7 2007 13.488526 16.667733 15.817014 13.743822

8 2008 13.151532 16.486507 15.729573 12.932336

9 2009 13.457715 16.639238 18.260180 12.653159

10 2010 13.194548 16.728689 15.426353 13.883358

11 2011 14.347794 16.689421 14.176580 12.366542

12 2012 13.605087 17.130568 14.717968 13.292552

13 2013 13.027908 17.386193 16.203455 13.186121

14 2014 12.746682 16.544287 14.736768 12.870651

15 2015 13.465904 16.506123 12.442437 11.018138

插入行

目前来说我还没有找到一个直接插入行的函数或方法，所以用的方法是先切割，再拼接。

创建一个DataFrame准备插入odata中第2行与第3行之间，将odata分割为上下两段，利用append方法将它们拼接起来，注意参数中的ignore_index=True，如果不把这个参数设为True，新排的数据块索引不会重新排列。

In [9]:

insertRow = pd.DataFrame([[0.,0.,0.,0.,0.]],columns=['date','spring','summer','autumne','winter'])

above = table.loc[:2]

below = table.loc[3:]

newdata = above.append(insertRow,ignore_index=True).append(below,ignore_index=True)

newdata

Out[9]:

date spring summer autumne winter

0 2000 12.233881 16.907301 15.692383 14.085962

1 2001 12.847481 16.750469 14.514066 13.503746

2 2002 13.558175 17.203393 15.699948 13.233652

3 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000

4 2003 12.654725 16.894915 15.661465 12.843479

5 2004 13.253730 17.046967 15.209054 14.364791

6 2005 13.444305 16.745982 16.622188 11.610823

7 2006 13.505696 16.833579 15.497928 12.199344

8 2007 13.488526 16.667733 15.817014 13.743822

9 2008 13.151532 16.486507 15.729573 12.932336

10 2009 13.457715 16.639238 18.260180 12.653159

11 2010 13.194548 16.728689 15.426353 13.883358

12 2011 14.347794 16.689421 14.176580 12.366542

13 2012 13.605087 17.130568 14.717968 13.292552

14 2013 13.027908 17.386193 16.203455 13.186121

15 2014 12.746682 16.544287 14.736768 12.870651

16 2015 13.465904 16.506123 12.442437 11.018138

也可以用.concat()的方法来进行拼接，注意ignore_index=True

In [10]:

newdata2=pd.concat([above,insert,below],ignore_index=True)

newdata2

Out[10]:

date spring summer autumne winter

0 2000 12.233881 16.907301 15.692383 14.085962

1 2001 12.847481 16.750469 14.514066 13.503746

2 2002 13.558175 17.203393 15.699948 13.233652

3 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000

4 2003 12.654725 16.894915 15.661465 12.843479

5 2004 13.253730 17.046967 15.209054 14.364791

6 2005 13.444305 16.745982 16.622188 11.610823

7 2006 13.505696 16.833579 15.497928 12.199344

8 2007 13.488526 16.667733 15.817014 13.743822

9 2008 13.151532 16.486507 15.729573 12.932336

10 2009 13.457715 16.639238 18.260180 12.653159

11 2010 13.194548 16.728689 15.426353 13.883358

12 2011 14.347794 16.689421 14.176580 12.366542

13 2012 13.605087 17.130568 14.717968 13.292552

14 2013 13.027908 17.386193 16.203455 13.186121

15 2014 12.746682 16.544287 14.736768 12.870651

16 2015 13.465904 16.506123 12.442437 11.018138