聊一聊软件中的登录验证码

1.python实现

import random

def get_code():#定义函数名称
    code_list = []  #定义列表
    for i in range(10):   # 0~9
        code_list.append(str(i))
    for i in range(65, 91):  # A-Z    
        code_list.append(chr(i))
    for i in range(97, 123):  # a-z
        code_list.append(chr(i))
    code = random.sample(code_list,6)   #随机取6位数
    code_num = ''.join(code)
    with open("num.txt","a+",encoding="utf-8") as f:  #创建文本
        f.write(str(code_num)+"\n")                    #写入数据
    print(code_num)                                        #输入结果

if __name__ == "__main__":
    for i in range(1000):                            #循环一千次
        get_code()

2.c#实现

 protected string CreateRandomCode(int codeCount)  #定义函数
    {
        string allChar = "0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9";    #验证码取值的范围
        string[] allCharArray = allChar.Split(',');  #定义字符串
        string randomCode = "";                        #定义验证码
        int temp = -1;
        Random rand = new Random();                    #new随机函数
        for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++)
        {
            if (temp != -1)
            {
                rand = new Random(i * temp * ((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks));  #根据时间随机产生验证码
            }
            int t = rand.Next(10);
            if (temp == t)
            {
                return CreateRandomCode(codeCount);#递归
            }
            temp = t;
            randomCode += allCharArray[t];
        }
        return randomCode;#返回验证码
    }

3.java实现简单的小项目

public class CodeUtil {
17     private static int width = 90;// 定义图片的width
18     private static int height = 20;// 定义图片的height
19     private static int codeCount = 4;// 定义图片上显示验证码的个数
20     private static int xx = 15;
21     private static int fontHeight = 18;
22     private static  int codeY = 16;
23     private static char[] codeSequence = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R',
24             'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
25     
26     /**
27      * 生成一个map集合
28      * code为生成的验证码
29      * codePic为生成的验证码BufferedImage对象
30      * @return
31      */
32     public static Map<String,Object> generateCodeAndPic() {
33         // 定义图像buffer
34         BufferedImage buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
35         // Graphics2D gd = buffImg.createGraphics();
36         // Graphics2D gd = (Graphics2D) buffImg.getGraphics();
37         Graphics gd = buffImg.getGraphics();
38         // 创建一个随机数生成器类
39         Random random = new Random();
40         // 将图像填充为白色
41         gd.setColor(Color.WHITE);
42         gd.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
43 
44         // 创建字体，字体的大小应该根据图片的高度来定。
45         Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.BOLD, fontHeight);
46         // 设置字体。
47         gd.setFont(font);
48 
49         // 画边框。
50         gd.setColor(Color.BLACK);
51         gd.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
52 
53         // 随机产生40条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到。
54         gd.setColor(Color.BLACK);
55         for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
56             int x = random.nextInt(width);
57             int y = random.nextInt(height);
58             int xl = random.nextInt(12);
59             int yl = random.nextInt(12);
60             gd.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
61         }
62 
63         // randomCode用于保存随机产生的验证码，以便用户登录后进行验证。
64         StringBuffer randomCode = new StringBuffer();
65         int red = 0, green = 0, blue = 0;
66 
67         // 随机产生codeCount数字的验证码。
68         for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
69             // 得到随机产生的验证码数字。
70             String code = String.valueOf(codeSequence[random.nextInt(36)]);
71             // 产生随机的颜色分量来构造颜色值，这样输出的每位数字的颜色值都将不同。
72             red = random.nextInt(255);
73             green = random.nextInt(255);
74             blue = random.nextInt(255);
75 
76             // 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中。
77             gd.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
78             gd.drawString(code, (i + 1) * xx, codeY);
79 
80             // 将产生的四个随机数组合在一起。
81             randomCode.append(code);
82         }
83         Map<String,Object> map  =new HashMap<String,Object>();
84         //存放验证码
85         map.put("code", randomCode);
86         //存放生成的验证码BufferedImage对象
87         map.put("codePic", buffImg);
88         return map;
89     }
90 
91     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
92         //创建文件输出流对象
93         OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("D://img/"+System.currentTimeMillis()+".jpg");
94         Map<String,Object> map = CodeUtil.generateCodeAndPic();
95         ImageIO.write((RenderedImage) map.get("codePic"), "jpeg", out);
96         System.out.println("验证码的值为："+map.get("code"));
97     }
98 }

通过jsp，servlet实现的小项目

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>验证码页面</title>
<script type="text/javascript"
    src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkCode" method="post">
        请输入验证码：<input type="text" name="code" style="width: 80px;" /> <img id="imgObj" alt="验证码"
            src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/getCode"><a href="#" onclick="changeImg()">换一张</a><br/> <input
            type="submit" value="提交" />
    </form>

</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function() {

    });

    function changeImg() {
        var imgSrc = $("#imgObj");
        var src = imgSrc.attr("src");
        imgSrc.attr("src", chgUrl(src));
    }

    // 时间戳
    // 为了使每次生成图片不一致，即不让浏览器读缓存，所以需要加上时间戳
    function chgUrl(url) {
        var timestamp = (new Date()).valueOf();
        url = url.substring(0, 20);
        if ((url.indexOf("&") >= 0)) {
            url = url + "×tamp=" + timestamp;
        } else {
            url = url + "?timestamp=" + timestamp;
        }
        return url;
    }

</script>
</html>

后台验证servlet

package com.code;

import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import com.utils.CodeUtil;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class CodeServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/getCode")
public class CodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 调用工具类生成的验证码和验证码图片
        Map<String, Object> codeMap = CodeUtil.generateCodeAndPic();

        // 将四位数字的验证码保存到Session中。
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("code", codeMap.get("code").toString());

        // 禁止图像缓存。
        resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        resp.setDateHeader("Expires", -1);

        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");

        // 将图像输出到Servlet输出流中。
        ServletOutputStream sos;
        try {
            sos = resp.getOutputStream();
            ImageIO.write((RenderedImage) codeMap.get("codePic"), "jpeg", sos);
            sos.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

校验验证码的servlet

package com.code;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;


@WebServlet("/checkCode")
public class CheckCode extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String code = request.getParameter("code");
        // 验证验证码
        String sessionCode = request.getSession().getAttribute("code").toString();
        if (code != null && !"".equals(code) && sessionCode != null && !"".equals(sessionCode)) {
            if (code.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionCode)) {
                response.getWriter().println("验证通过！");
            } else {
                response.getWriter().println("验证失败！");
            }
        } else {
            response.getWriter().println("验证失败！");
        }
    }

}

java代码源自：https://www.cnblogs.com/nanyangke-cjz/p/7049281.html