Spring Boot WEB实例之登录拦截器的使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 23:02:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 23:02:53 发布

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分类专栏： Spring Boot框架文章标签： Spring Boot WEB实例之登录拦截器的使用

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42146366/article/details/89463458

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一、简介
这篇博客主要讲解一下怎么利用Spring Boot 来编写一个登录界面的跳转到指定界面上去，并且使用拦截器对未登录状态进行拦截。

二、编写步骤

【1】在创建一个controller包，用来存放业务逻辑代码，在此包下面创建一个LoginController类，如下所示：

package czd.springbootwebdemo.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * @author czd
 */
@Controller
public class LoginController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/user/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username,
                        @RequestParam("password") String password,
                        Map<String, Object> map,
                        HttpSession session) {
        if (username.equals("czd") && password.equals("123")) {
            //登录成功,防止表单重复提交，可以重定向
            session.setAttribute("loginUser",username);
            return "redirect:/dashboard.html";
        } else {
            //登录失败
            map.put("message", "用户信息填写错误!");
            return "index";
        }

    }
}

【2】创建两个HTML界面，一个是登录界面，一个是列表界面。
①、创建index.html登录界面，在form表单那里填写 th:action="@{/user/login}" method=“post” 如下所示：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <meta name="description" content="">
    <meta name="author" content="">
    <title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
    <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
    <link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <!-- Custom styles for this template -->
    <link href="asserts/css/signin.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>

<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html" th:action="@{/user/login}" method="post">
    <img class="mb-4" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
    <h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1>
    <p style="color:red" th:text="${message}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(message)}"></p>
    <label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Username</label>
    <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}"
           required=""
           autofocus="">
    <label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Password</label>
    <input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password"
           th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
    <div class="checkbox mb-3">
        <label>
            <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> [[#{login.remember}]]
        </label>
    </div>
    <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>
    <p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p>
    <a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a>
    <a class="btn btn-sm">English</a>
</form>
</body>
</html>

②、创建dashboard.html列表界面，如下代码所示：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- saved from url=(0052)http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/ -->
<html lang="en">
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
		<meta name="description" content="">
		<meta name="author" content="">

		<title>Dashboard Template for Bootstrap</title>
		<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
		<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

		<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
		<link href="asserts/css/dashboard.css" rel="stylesheet">
		<style type="text/css">
			/* Chart.js */
			
			@-webkit-keyframes chartjs-render-animation {
				from {
					opacity: 0.99
				}
				to {
					opacity: 1
				}
			}
			
			@keyframes chartjs-render-animation {
				from {
					opacity: 0.99
				}
				to {
					opacity: 1
				}
			}
			
			.chartjs-render-monitor {
				-webkit-animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;
				animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;
			}
		</style>
	</head>

	<body>
		<nav class="navbar navbar-dark sticky-top bg-dark flex-md-nowrap p-0">
			<a class="navbar-brand col-sm-3 col-md-2 mr-0" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">Company name</a>
			<input class="form-control form-control-dark w-100" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
			<ul class="navbar-nav px-3">
				<li class="nav-item text-nowrap">
					<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">Sign out</a>
				</li>
			</ul>
		</nav>

		<div class="container-fluid">
			<div class="row">
				<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar">
					<div class="sidebar-sticky">
						<ul class="nav flex-column">
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link active" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home">
										<path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"></path>
										<polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"></polyline>
									</svg>
									Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file">
										<path d="M13 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V9z"></path>
										<polyline points="13 2 13 9 20 9"></polyline>
									</svg>
									Orders
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-shopping-cart">
										<circle cx="9" cy="21" r="1"></circle>
										<circle cx="20" cy="21" r="1"></circle>
										<path d="M1 1h4l2.68 13.39a2 2 0 0 0 2 1.61h9.72a2 2 0 0 0 2-1.61L23 6H6"></path>
									</svg>
									Products
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-users">
										<path d="M17 21v-2a4 4 0 0 0-4-4H5a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v2"></path>
										<circle cx="9" cy="7" r="4"></circle>
										<path d="M23 21v-2a4 4 0 0 0-3-3.87"></path>
										<path d="M16 3.13a4 4 0 0 1 0 7.75"></path>
									</svg>
									Customers
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-bar-chart-2">
										<line x1="18" y1="20" x2="18" y2="10"></line>
										<line x1="12" y1="20" x2="12" y2="4"></line>
										<line x1="6" y1="20" x2="6" y2="14"></line>
									</svg>
									Reports
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-layers">
										<polygon points="12 2 2 7 12 12 22 7 12 2"></polygon>
										<polyline points="2 17 12 22 22 17"></polyline>
										<polyline points="2 12 12 17 22 12"></polyline>
									</svg>
									Integrations
								</a>
							</li>
						</ul>

						<h6 class="sidebar-heading d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center px-3 mt-4 mb-1 text-muted">
              <span>Saved reports</span>
              <a class="d-flex align-items-center text-muted" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
                <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-plus-circle"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"></circle><line x1="12" y1="8" x2="12" y2="16"></line><line x1="8" y1="12" x2="16" y2="12"></line></svg>
              </a>
            </h6>
						<ul class="nav flex-column mb-2">
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text">
										<path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path>
										<polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline>
										<line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line>
										<line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line>
										<polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline>
									</svg>
									Current month
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text">
										<path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path>
										<polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline>
										<line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line>
										<line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line>
										<polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline>
									</svg>
									Last quarter
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text">
										<path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path>
										<polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline>
										<line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line>
										<line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line>
										<polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline>
									</svg>
									Social engagement
								</a>
							</li>
							<li class="nav-item">
								<a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">
									<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text">
										<path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path>
										<polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline>
										<line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line>
										<line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line>
										<polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline>
									</svg>
									Year-end sale
								</a>
							</li>
						</ul>
					</div>
				</nav>

				<main role="main" class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 pt-3 px-4">
					<div class="chartjs-size-monitor" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; pointer-events: none; visibility: hidden; z-index: -1;">
						<div class="chartjs-size-monitor-expand" style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;overflow:hidden;pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden;z-index:-1;">
							<div style="position:absolute;width:1000000px;height:1000000px;left:0;top:0"></div>
						</div>
						<div class="chartjs-size-monitor-shrink" style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;overflow:hidden;pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden;z-index:-1;">
							<div style="position:absolute;width:200%;height:200%;left:0; top:0"></div>
						</div>
					</div>
					<div class="d-flex justify-content-between flex-wrap flex-md-nowrap align-items-center pb-2 mb-3 border-bottom">
						<h1 class="h2">Dashboard</h1>
						<div class="btn-toolbar mb-2 mb-md-0">
							<div class="btn-group mr-2">
								<button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Share</button>
								<button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Export</button>
							</div>
							<button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle">
                <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-calendar"><rect x="3" y="4" width="18" height="18" rx="2" ry="2"></rect><line x1="16" y1="2" x2="16" y2="6"></line><line x1="8" y1="2" x2="8" y2="6"></line><line x1="3" y1="10" x2="21" y2="10"></line></svg>
                This week
              </button>
						</div>
					</div>

					<canvas class="my-4 chartjs-render-monitor" id="myChart" width="1076" height="454" style="display: block; width: 1076px; height: 454px;"></canvas>

					
				</main>
			</div>
		</div>

		<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
    ================================================== -->
		<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
		<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" ></script>
		<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/popper.min.js" ></script>
		<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/bootstrap.min.js" ></script>

		<!-- Icons -->
		<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/feather.min.js" ></script>
		<script>
			feather.replace()
		</script>

		<!-- Graphs -->
		<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/Chart.min.js" ></script>
		<script>
			var ctx = document.getElementById("myChart");
			var myChart = new Chart(ctx, {
				type: 'line',
				data: {
					labels: ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"],
					datasets: [{
						data: [15339, 21345, 18483, 24003, 23489, 24092, 12034],
						lineTension: 0,
						backgroundColor: 'transparent',
						borderColor: '#007bff',
						borderWidth: 4,
						pointBackgroundColor: '#007bff'
					}]
				},
				options: {
					scales: {
						yAxes: [{
							ticks: {
								beginAtZero: false
							}
						}]
					},
					legend: {
						display: false,
					}
				}
			});
		</script>

	</body>

</html>

注意1：开发期间模板引擎页面修改以后，要实时生效，可以使用以下步骤进行修改：
①、在application.properties中，禁用模板引擎的缓存。

#禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false

②、页面你修改以后按Ctrl + F9，进重新编译。

注意2：登录错误信息的显示：

<p style="color:red" th:text="${message}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(message)}"></p>

注意3：防止按下F5之后表单重复提交，最好的办法就是重定向，拦截器对登录进行检查。

【3】创建一个interceptor包（用来存放拦截类），在此包下面创建LoginHandlerInterceptor类，如下所示：
①、分包分类如下图所示
在这里插入图片描述
②、LoginHandlerInterceptor类代码如下所示

package czd.springbootwebdemo.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author czd
 */
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        Object loginUser = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
        if(loginUser != null){
            return true;
        }else {
            request.setAttribute("message","请先登录!");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
            return false;
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

    }
}

【4】创建一个config包（用来存放配置类），在此包下面创建MvcConfig类，如下所示：
①、分包分类如下图所示
在这里插入图片描述
②、MvcConfig类代码如下所示

package czd.springbootwebdemo.config;

import czd.springbootwebdemo.interceptor.LoginHandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

/**
 * @author czd
 */
@Configuration
public class MvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    /**
     * 设置拦截器
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
                .excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
    }

    /**
     * 设置路径映射
     * @param registry
     */
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/dashboard.html").setViewName("dashboard");
        registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
    }
}

最后得到运行结果如下所示：
1、登录界面显示
在这里插入图片描述
2、登录成功界面

3、为登录时拦截效果