java字符串做加减_Java计算长整数加减（字符串表示）

复习一道老题目，不使用BigInteger，手动计算长整数的加减法(字符串表示，可带符号)。

/**

* Created by gj21798 on 2019/11/13

*/

public class CalcStringNumber {

public static void main(String[] args) {

assert "2468".equals(add("1234", "1234"));

assert "10470".equals(add("5235", "5235"));

assert "0".equals(add("-1234", "1234"));

assert "0".equals(add("1234", "-1234"));

assert "-1".equals(add("1234", "-1235"));

assert "1".equals(add("-1234", "1235"));

assert "-2469".equals(sub("-1234", "1235"));

assert "-1".equals(sub("1234", "1235"));

assert "2469".equals(sub("1234", "-1235"));

assert "0".equals(sub("-1234", "-1234"));

assert "-1234".equals(sub("0", "1234"));

assert "1234".equals(sub("0", "-1234"));

}

/**

* 带符号相加

*/

private static String add(String s1, String s2) {

boolean isPos1 = s1.charAt(0) != '-';

boolean isPos2 = s2.charAt(0) != '-';

//都为非负数，直接无符号相加

if (isPos1 && isPos2) return addPositive(s1, s2);

//都为负数，无符号相加再取反

if (!isPos1 && !isPos2) return '-' + addPositive(s1.substring(1), s2.substring(1));

//1正，2负，去掉符号比较字符串，根据比较结果做绝对值加减，并赋相应符号

if (isPos1) {

int r = s1.compareTo(s2.substring(1));

if (r > 0) return subPositive(s1, s2.substring(1));

else if (r == 0) return "0";

else return '-' + subPositive(s2.substring(1), s1);

}

//1负，2正，去掉符号比较字符串，根据比较结果做绝对值加减，并赋相应符号

int r = s1.substring(1).compareTo(s2);

if (r > 0) return '-' + subPositive(s1.substring(1), s2);

else if (r == 0) return "0";

else return subPositive(s2, s1.substring(1));

}

/**

* 带符号相减

*/

private static String sub(String s1, String s2) {

boolean isPos1 = s1.charAt(0) != '-';

boolean isPos2 = s2.charAt(0) != '-';

//1正，2负，去掉负号，做正整数相加

if (isPos1 && !isPos2) {

return addPositive(s1, s2.substring(1));

} else if (!isPos1 && isPos2) {

//1负，2正，绝对值相加再取负号

return '-' + addPositive(s1.substring(1), s2);

}

//均为正，比较字符串，根据比较结果做绝对值加减，并赋相应符号

if (isPos1 && isPos2) {

int r = s1.compareTo(s2);

if (r > 0) return subPositive(s1, s2);

else if (r == 0) return "0";

else return '-' + subPositive(s2, s1);

}

//均为负，比较字符串，根据比较结果做绝对值加减，并赋相应符号

int r = s1.compareTo(s2);

if (r > 0) return '-' + subPositive(s2, s1);

else if (r == 0) return "0";

else return subPositive(s1, s2);

}

/**

* 无符号相加

*/

private static String addPositive(String s1, String s2) {

int len1 = s1.length();

int len2 = s2.length();

int len = Math.max(len1, len2);

//暂存计算结果

int[] result = new int[len];

//进位符号，为1表示有进位

int carry = 0;

for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {

int a1 = i < len1 ? s1.charAt(i) - '0' : 0;

int a2 = i < len2 ? s2.charAt(i) - '0' : 0;

//带进位相加

int a = a1 + a2 + carry;

result[i] = a % 10;

//判断当前计算是否产生进位

carry = a > 9 ? 1 : 0;

}

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

//有进位则头部加1

if (carry == 1) sb.append('1');

for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) sb.append(result[i]);

return sb.toString();

}

/**

* 无符号相减

*/

private static String subPositive(String s1, String s2) {

int len1 = s1.length();

int len2 = s2.length();

int len = Math.max(len1, len2);

//暂存计算结果

int[] result = new int[len];

int carry = 0;

for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {

int a1 = i < len1 ? s1.charAt(i) - '0' : 0;

int a2 = i < len2 ? s2.charAt(i) - '0' : 0;

//判断低一位计算是否产生借位，如有借位则减1

if (carry == 1) a1--;

if (a1 >= a2) {

//不需要借位，直接相减

carry = 0;

result[i] = a1 - a2;

} else {

//需要借位，置借位标识并相减

carry = 1;

result[i] = a1 + 10 - a2;

}

}

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) sb.append(result[i]);

return trimZero(sb.toString());

}

/**

* 移除0开头的数字字符

*/

private static String trimZero(String text) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

boolean needIgnore = true;

for (char c : text.toCharArray()) {

if (needIgnore && c == '0') continue;

needIgnore = false;

sb.append(c);

}

return sb.toString();

}

}