java强制类型转换_java强制类型转换原理？

原理请参考Java Language Specification：Reference Type Casting 中有关引用类型转换的表述，其中相关部分为：Given a compile-time reference type S (source) and a compile-time reference type T (target), a casting conversion exists from S to T if no compile-time errors occur due to the following rules.

If S is a class type:

•If T is a class type, then either |S| <: or otherwise a compile-time error occurs.>

Furthermore, if there exists a supertype X of T, and a supertype Y of S, such that both X and Y are provably distinct parameterized types (§4.5), and that the erasures of X and Y are the same, a compile-time error occurs.

满足|S| <: or casts and unchecked at run time r is an ordinary class array>

•If T is a class type, then R must be either the same class (§4.3.4) as T or a subclass of T, or a run-time exception is thrown.

因为Container和JComponent之间存在着父子关系，所以根据Java语言规范，保证了他们之间的转换在编译期不会报错，但是具体getContentPane方法的返回值的runtime类型是否满足上述条件，则需要在运行时进行类型检查。具体在VM的实现上，是根据checkcast这个字节码指令来完成的，相关解释规则可以参见JVM规范：Chapter 6. The Java Virtual Machine Instruction Set。