C#：公钥、私钥pem文件转XML，RSA算法公钥加密和私钥加签名

问题：使用OPENSSL生成的公钥和私钥，需要使用RSA算法对AES密钥和参数进行加密、签名，java中可以直接识别pem格式的公钥和私钥文件，但是C#中只能识别XML格式的，所以需要进行转换

注意：pem转XML时。需要依赖一个第三方库，叫BouncyCastle。官网地址：BouncyCastle（如果从官网下载太慢或无法下载可通过百度网盘下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1I7URHC7C89MlqT2OfZUSig
提取码：ri2v ）

1.公钥pem格式文件转XML

注意：传递的私钥需要剔除开头"-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----“和结尾”-----END PUBLIC KEY-----“以及密文中的”\n"和"\r"

 /// <summary>    
    /// RSA公钥pem-->XML格式转换， 
    /// </summary>    
    /// <param name="publicKey">pem公钥</param>    
    /// <returns></returns>    
    public static string RSAPublicKey(string publicKey)
    {
        RsaKeyParameters publicKeyParam = (RsaKeyParameters)PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(publicKey));
        string XML = string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>",
        Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        return XML;
    }

2.私钥pem格式文件转XML

注意：传递的私钥需要剔除开头"-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----“和结尾”-----END PRIVATE KEY-----“以及密文中的”\n"和"\r"

/// <summary>
    /// 私钥转XML
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="privateJavaKey"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string ConvertToXmlPrivateKey(string privateJavaKey)
    {
        RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = (RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)PrivateKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(privateJavaKey));
        return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent><P>{2}</P><Q>{3}</Q><DP>{4}</DP><DQ>{5}</DQ><InverseQ>{6}</InverseQ><D>{7}</D></RSAKeyValue>",
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
        Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
    }

3.RSA算法使用公钥对数据加密

 /// <summary>
    /// RSA使用公钥对数据加密
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="strText">加密数据</param>
    /// <param name="strPublicKey">公钥密文</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string RSAEncrypt(string strText, string strPublicKey)
    {
        RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
        byte[] cipherbytes;
        rsa.FromXmlString(RSAPublicKey(strPublicKey));
        cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strText), false);
        return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherbytes);
    }

4.RSA算法使用公钥对数据加密

    /// <summary>
    /// RSA使用私匙对签名内容加签名
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="privateKeyCSharp">私钥密文</param>
    /// <param name="data">待签名的内容</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string RSASignCSharp(string data, string privateKeyCSharp, string hashAlgorithm = "MD5", string encoding = "UTF-8")
    {
        RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
        rsa.FromXmlString(ConvertToXmlPrivateKey(privateKeyCSharp));//加载私钥   
        var dataBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding).GetBytes(data);
        var HashbyteSignature = rsa.SignData(dataBytes, hashAlgorithm);
        return Convert.ToBase64String(HashbyteSignature);
    }