oracle110204,数据泵的跨版本问题

数据泵在10g刚推出的时候，跨版本的问题并不明显，而等到11.2推出之后，数据泵同样存在处理跨版本的问题。

Oracle原始的EXP/IMP导出、导入工具的扩版本特性对于从8/9版本就接触数据库的人来说，应该是基本常识了——低版本导出，目标版本导入。

而对于数据泵来说，很多人并没有意识到这一点，事实上数据泵如果从低版本导出，高版本导入是不需要额外处理的，而大多数的需求不是版本相同，就是版本升级，因此很多人没有注意到数据泵的版本问题。

不过如果数据泵从高版本导入大低版本，如果不加处理，就会出现下面的错误：

[orat1@hpserver2 ~]$ expdp

test/test dumpfile=d_tmp:tab1.dp tables=tab1

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 -

Production on Mon Apr 27 09:50:10 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle

and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g

Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": test/********

dumpfile=d_tmp:tab1.dp tables=tab1

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "TEST"."TAB1" 6.593 KB 63 rows

Master table "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully

loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for TEST.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/tmp/tab1.dp

Job "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at

09:50:17

11.2导入的文件，10.2直接导入报错：

[orat3@hpserver2 ~]$ impdp

test/test directory=d_tmp dumpfile=tab1.dp

Import: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit

Production on Monday,27 April, 2012 9:50:25

Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle.

All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g

Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39000: bad dump file specification

ORA-39142: incompatible version number 3.1 in dump file

"/tmp/tab1.dp"

正确的方式是在高版本导出的时候指定导出的版本，比如导入版本为10204，那么在11.2上导出时通过VERSION=10.2.0.4，确保导出的数据和结构和低版本兼容。

[orat1@hpserver2 ~]$ expdp

test/test dumpfile=d_tmp:tab110204.dp tables=tab1 version=10.2.0.4

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 -

Production on Mon Apr 27 09:52:03 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle

and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g

Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": test/********

dumpfile=d_tmp:tab110204.dp tables=tab1 version=10.2.0.4

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "TEST"."TAB1" 6.406 KB 63 rows

Master table "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully

loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for TEST.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/tmp/tab110204.dp

Job "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at

09:52:09

这样在10.2.0.4数据库上就可以直接导入了。

[orat3@hpserver2 ~]$ impdp

test/test directory=d_tmp dumpfile=tab110204.dp

Import: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit

Production on Monday, 27 April, 2012 9:54:35

Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle.

All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g

Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully

loaded/unloaded

Starting "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01": test/********

directory=d_tmp dumpfile=tab110204.dp

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported "TEST"."TAB1" 6.406 KB 63 rows

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Job "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully completed at

09:54:36