Filter过滤器

Filter过滤器的生命周期和Servlet一样，过滤器的生命周期分为四个阶段

1. 实例化，实现javax.servlet.Filter接口
2. 读取过滤器的初始化函数，调用init()方法
3. 完成对请求或过滤的响应，调用doFilter()方法
4. 销毁过滤器，调用destroy()方法

Filter过滤器的几种用法

1.编码格式的过滤,加配置

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
	
	private String encoding;
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
			System.out.println("过滤器被销毁");
			encoding=null;
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		
		System.out.println("测试执行...");
		 req.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
		 //req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
	       resp.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
		chain.doFilter(req, resp);
	}

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig fc) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("过滤器初始化");
		 System.out.println("init先执行哟。。。");
		 encoding = fc.getInitParameter("encoding");

	}

}

web.xml需要配置的文件

<filter>
    <description>这是字符乱码过滤器</description>
    <filter-name>CharactorEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.wcent.filter.CharactorEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharactorEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

2.页面安全

如没有登录的用户没有权限访问某些页面,需要得到session值
第二种配置,直接在java文件中配置 @WebFilter导入 javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter

//description 名称,随便取
//filterName 类名
//urlPatterns 需要加安全的文件路径,如/view下的所有jsp文件/*
@WebFilter(description = "这是安全过滤器", filterName = "SecurityFilter", urlPatterns = { "/view/*" })
public class SecurityFilter implements Filter {

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}


	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
			HttpServletRequest rep =(HttpServletRequest)request;
			HttpServletRequest resp =(HttpServletRequest)response;
			
			 HttpSession session = rep.getSession();
		        if (null == session.getAttribute("j_u")) {
		            // 重定向到登录页面
		        //	resp.sendRedirect(rep.getContextPath() + "/index.jsp");

		            return;
		        }

		        chain.doFilter(request, response);
	}

	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

	}

}