mysql服务器语法_MySQL语法

select * fromemp; #注释

#---------------------------

#----命令行连接MySql---------

#启动mysql服务器

net start mysql

#关闭

net stop mysql

#进入

mysql-h 主机地址 -u 用户名 －p 用户密码

#退出exitstatus;

显示当前mysql的version的各种信息。

#---------------------------

#----MySql用户管理---------

#修改密码:首先在DOS 下进入mysql安装路径的bin目录下，然后键入以下命令:

mysqladmin-uroot -p123 password 456;

#增加用户

#格式:grant 权限 on 数据库.* to 用户名@登录主机 identified by '密码'

/*如，增加一个用户user1密码为password1，让其可以在本机上登录， 并对所有数据库有查询、插入、修改、删除的权限。首先用以root用户连入mysql，然后键入以下命令：

grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to user1@localhost Identified by "password1";

如果希望该用户能够在任何机器上登陆mysql，则将localhost改为"%"。

如果你不想user1有密码，可以再打一个命令将密码去掉。

grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to user1@localhost identified by "";*/

grant all privileges on wpj1105.* to sunxiao@localhost identified by '123'; #all privileges所有权限

#----------------------------

#-----MySql数据库操作基础-----

#显示数据库

show databases;

#判断是否存在数据库wpj1105,有的话先删除drop database if existswpj1105;

#创建数据库create databasewpj1105;

#删除数据库drop databasewpj1105;

#使用该数据库usewpj1105;

#显示数据库中的表

show tables;

#先判断表是否存在,存在先删除drop table if existsstudent;

#创建表create tablestudent(

idint auto_increment primary key,

namevarchar(50),

sexvarchar(20),

datevarchar(50),

contentvarchar(100)

)default charset=utf8;

#删除表drop tablestudent;

#查看表的结构

describe student; #可以简写为desc student;

#插入数据insert into student values(null,'aa','男','1988-10-2','......');insert into student values(null,'bb','女','1889-03-6','......');insert into student values(null,'cc','男','1889-08-8','......');insert into student values(null,'dd','女','1889-12-8','......');insert into student values(null,'ee','女','1889-09-6','......');insert into student values(null,'ff','null','1889-09-6','......');

#查询表中的数据select * fromstudent;select id,name fromstudent;

#修改某一条数据update student set sex='男' where id=4;

#删除数据delete from student where id=5;

#and且select * from student where date>'1988-1-2' and date

#or或select * from student where date'1988-12-1';

#between

select * from student where date between '1988-1-2' and '1988-12-1';

#in查询制定集合内的数据select * from student where id in (1,3,5);

#排序asc 升序 desc降序select * from student order by id asc;

#分组查询 #聚合函数select max(id),name,sex from student group bysex;select min(date) fromstudent;select avg(id) as '求平均' fromstudent;select count(*) fromstudent; #统计表中总数select count(sex) from student; #统计表中性别总数 若有一条数据中sex为空的话,就不予以统计~

select sum(id) fromstudent;

#查询第i条以后到第j条的数据(不包括第i条)select * from student limit 2,5; #显示3-5条数据

#巩固练习create tablec(

idint primary keyauto_increment,

namevarchar(10) not null,

sexvarchar(50) , #DEFAULT '男',

ageintunsigned, #不能为负值(如为负值 则默认为0)

snoint unique#不可重复

);drop tablec;descc;insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,'涛哥','男',68,1);insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,'aa','男',68,2);insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,'平平','男',35,3);

...select * fromc;

#修改数据update c set age=66 where id=2;update c set name='花花',age=21,sex='女' where id=2

delete from c where age=21;

#常用查询语句select name,age ,id fromcselect * from c where age>40 and age<60; #and

select * from c where age<40 or age<60; #or

select * from c where age between 40 and 60 #between

select * from c where age in (30,48,68,99); #in查询指定集合内的数据select * from c order by age desc; #order by(asc升序 des降序)

#分组查询select name,max(age) from c group bysex; #按性别分组查年龄最大值

#聚合函数select min(age) fromc;select avg(age) as '平均年龄' fromc;select count(*) fromc; #统计表中数据总数select sum(age) fromc;

#修改表的名字

#格式:alter table tbl_name rename tonew_namealter table c rename toa;

#表结构修改create tabletest

(

idint not null auto_increment primary key, #设定主键

namevarchar(20) not null default 'NoName', #设定默认值

department_idint not null,

position_idint not null,unique(department_id,position_id) #设定唯一值

);

#修改表的名字

#格式:alter table tbl_name rename tonew_namealter table test rename totest_rename;

#向表中增加一个字段(列)

#格式:alter table tablename add columnname type;/alter table tablename add(columnname type);alter table test add columnname varchar(20);

#修改表中某个字段的名字alter tabletablename change columnname newcolumnname type; #修改一个表的字段名alter table test change name uname varchar(50);select * fromtest;

#表position 增加列testalter table position add(test char(10));

#表position 修改列testalter table position modify test char(20) not null;

#表position 修改列test 默认值alter table position alter test set default 'system';

#表position 去掉test 默认值alter table position alter test drop default;

#表position 去掉列testalter table position drop columntest;

#表depart_pos 删除主键alter table depart_pos drop primary key;

#表depart_pos 增加主键alter table depart_pos add primary keyPK_depart_pos

(department_id,position_id);

#用文本方式将数据装入数据库表中(例如D:/mysql.txt)load data local infile "D:/mysql.txt" into tableMYTABLE;

#导入.sql文件命令(例如D:/mysql.sql)

source d:/mysql.sql; #或者 /. d:/mysql.sql;