import java.util.*;
public class Hdu2577_dp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int t = sc.nextInt();
while(t-->0) {
String str = sc.next();
int n = str.length();
int[] dp1 = new int[n+1]; //小写状态
int[] dp2 = new int[n+1]; //大写状态
dp2[0] = 1;
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) {
char ch = str.charAt(i-1);
if(ch>='a' && ch<='z') {
dp1[i] = Math.min(dp1[i-1]+1, dp2[i-1]+2);
dp2[i] = Math.min(dp1[i-1]+2, dp2[i-1]+2);
}
else if(ch>='A' && ch<='Z') {
dp1[i] = Math.min(dp1[i-1]+2, dp2[i-1]+2);
dp2[i] = Math.min(dp1[i-1]+2, dp2[i-1]+1);
}
}
int res = Math.min(dp1[n], dp2[n]+1);
System.out.println(res);
}
}
}