剑指09.用两个栈实现队列(简单)
问题描述:用两个栈实现一个队列。队列的声明如下,请实现它的两个函数 appendTail 和 deleteHead ,分别完成在队列尾部插入整数和在队列头部删除整数的功能。(若队列中没有元素,deleteHead 操作返回 -1 )
思路:构建辅助栈
class CQueue:
def __init__(self):
self.A, self.B = [], []
def appendTail(self, value: int) -> None:
self.A.append(value)
def deleteHead(self) -> int:
if self.B: return self.B.pop()
if not self.A: return -1
while self.A:
self.B.append(self.A.pop())
return self.B.pop()
# Your CQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = CQueue()
# obj.appendTail(value)
# param_2 = obj.deleteHead()
剑指30.包含最小函数的栈(简单)
问题描述:定义栈的数据结构,请在该类型中实现一个能够得到栈的最小元素的 min 函数在该栈中,调用 min、push 及 pop 的时间复杂度都是 O(1)。
MinStack minStack = new MinStack();
minStack.push(-2);
minStack.push(0);
minStack.push(-3);
minStack.min(); --> 返回 -3.
minStack.pop();
minStack.top(); --> 返回 0.
minStack.min(); --> 返回 -2.
思路:构建辅助栈,需要注意的是,此题中实现的返回最小值的函数min()的时间复杂度为O(n)
class MinStack:
def __init__(self):
"""
initialize your data structure here.
"""
self.stack = []
self.min_stack = [math.inf]
def push(self, x: int) -> None:
self.stack.append(x)
self.min_stack.append(min(x,self.min_stack[-1]))
def pop(self) -> None:
self.stack.pop()
self.min_stack.pop()
def top(self) -> int:
return self.stack[-1]
def min(self) -> int:
return self.min_stack[-1]
# Your MinStack object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = MinStack()
# obj.push(x)
# obj.pop()
# param_3 = obj.top()
# param_4 = obj.min()
剑指06.从尾到头打印链表(简单)
问题描述:输入一个链表的头节点,从尾到头反过来返回每个节点的值(用数组返回)。
输入:head = [1,3,2]
输出:[2,3,1]
思路:构建辅助栈
# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.next = None
class Solution:
def reversePrint(self, head: ListNode) -> List[int]:
stack = []
while head:
stack.append(head.val)
head = head.next
return(stack[::-1])
剑指24.反转列表(简单)
问题描述:定义一个函数,输入一个链表的头节点,反转该链表并输出反转后链表的头节点。
输入: 1->2->3->4->5->NULL
输出: 5->4->3->2->1->NULL
思路1:双指针
# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.next = None
class Solution:
def reverseList(self, head: ListNode) -> ListNode:
cur,pre = head,None
while(cur != None):
tmp = cur.next
cur.next = pre
pre = cur
cur = tmp
return(pre)
思路2:递归
剑指35.复杂链表的复制(一般)
问题描述:请实现 copyRandomList 函数,复制一个复杂链表。在复杂链表中,每个节点除了有一个 next 指针指向下一个节点,还有一个 random 指针指向链表中的任意节点或者 null。
思路:哈希表
"""
# Definition for a Node.
class Node:
def __init__(self, x: int, next: 'Node' = None, random: 'Node' = None):
self.val = int(x)
self.next = next
self.random = random
"""
class Solution:
def copyRandomList(self, head: 'Node') -> 'Node':
cur = head
if cur == None:return
dir={}
while(cur!=None):
dir[cur]=Node(cur.val)
cur=cur.next
cur = head
while(cur!=None):
dir[cur].next = dir.get(cur.next)
dir[cur].random = dir.get(cur.random)
cur=cur.next
return dir[head]