计算机软考英语复习,计算机软考综合之计算机英语经典短文

计算机软考综合之计算机英语经典短文

XDuce

XDuce is a typed Programming Language that is specifically designed for processing XML. One can read an XML document as an XDuce value， extract information from it or convert it to another format， and write out the result value as an XML document. Since XDuce is statically typed， XDuce programs never yield run-time type errors and the resulting XML documents always conform to specified types. Status XDuce is more a research project than a Programming Language for production-level applications. It has been used as input for the XQuery development process.

XDuce是一个典型的、专门针对处理XML而开发的程序语言。XDuce一方面能作为XDuce的值读入XML文档，能从中析取信息和或者将其转换为其它格式，另一方面，能以一个XML文档的形式为其输出值。由于XDuce是静态的，所以XDuce程序不会生成动态的错误信息，并且结果的输出类型往往和指定的一致。 现状 XDuce生产标准的软件，更多的应用于工程方面而不是编程语言方面。它成为了XQuery开发过程的输入工具。

XDM

XDM is the foundation of XPath 2.0 and defines the Data Model for XPath 2.0 (and consequently XQuery 1.0 and XSLT 2.0， which are both based on XPath 2.0)。 XDM is built on top of the XML Info set (the abstraction of an XML document)， PSVI (type annotations in the XML Info set as the result of XML Schema validation)， the simple data types of XML Schema， and additional concepts. The most important additional concept is that of a "sequence"， which embraces both simple data types and the XML-derived nodes.

XDM是XPath2.0的基础，它定义了XPath2.0的数据模型(因此XQuery 1.0 、XSLT 2.0也就基于XPath 2.0)。XDM 建立在XML信息集(从XML文档中抽取)和PSVI(作为确认XML Schema结果的XML信息集合的注释类型)的顶端、属于简单的XML Schema的数据类型、是一个附加的概念。其中，它最重要的附加概念就是“顺序”，即包括简单数据类型和XML的源节点。

CMS

CMS is used to digitally sign or encrypt arbitrary messages. CMS describes an encapsulation syntax for data protection. It supports digital signatures and Encryption. The syntax allows multiple encapsulation， so one encapsulation envelope can be nested inside another. Likewise， one party can digitally sign some previously encapsulated data. It also allows arbitrary attributes， such as signing time， to be authenticated along with the message content， and provides for other attributes such as counter-signatures to be associated with a signature.

CMS被用于数据签名或者任意消息加密中。CMS提供了一套用于数据保护的数据封装语法。该语法支持数据签名和数据加密。该语法允许多重封装，所以一封数据信封能被另外一封数据信封所封装。同样的，该语法封装数据的部分数据位可以用来表示被封装数据。也允附加一些属性如签名时间，它和内容信息一起用于鉴别信息；计数器属性，它为其它属性提供计数信息。

XFDL

XFDL is an XML vocabulary initially published 1998 as an improvement to HTML Forms as a W3C note in an attempt to standardize a set of features for the next generation of secure Web-based applications. XFDL has continued to evolve and now is an XForms host language well suited for XForms， providing pixel precision and robust security with a dynamic range of features.

XFDL是一个XML相关的词汇，最初作为一个用于改进HTML窗体的W3C备忘录，该备忘录发布于1998年，它试图通过一系列的特征来标准化基于web的安全应用。XFDL的持续发展使其成为很好匹配XForms的XForms主机语言，同时具有高精度的、高安全性的、动态的一系列特征。