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For nearly ten years, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) has been the industry standardfor visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting the ( artifacts) of a software-intensive system. As the (de facto) standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project ( stakeholders) The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has further extended the language's scope and viability. Its inherent expressiveness allows users to ( model) everything from enterprise information systems and distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems.The UML is not limited to modeling software.In fact, it is expressive enough to model ( non-software) systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patient healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft combat systems, and the designof hardware. To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML's basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how those building blocks may be put together, and some common mechanisms that apply throughout the UML.
译文:
近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)已经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制
陌生单词:
structure | 英[ˈstrʌktʃə(r)] | 美[ˈstrʌktʃɚ] |
[例句]The typical family structure of Freud's patients involved two parents and two children
弗洛伊德的病人的典型家庭结构是父母二人和两个孩子。
adj. | 法律的; 合法的; 法定的; 法律(上)的; |
[例句]He vowed to take legal action.
他誓言要采取法律行动。
embedded | 英[ɪm'bedɪd] | 美[ɪm'bedɪd] |
v. | 把…嵌入,埋入( embed的过去式和过去分词 ); |
[例句]This agreement will be embedded in a state treaty to be signed soon.
这份协议将被纳入即将签署的国家条约中。
distributed |
英[dɪs'trɪbju:tɪd] | 美[dɪ'strɪbju:tɪd] |
v. | 散发; 分配( distribute的过去式和过去分词); 分销; [常用被动语态]将…分类(into); |
[例句]These cells are widely distributed throughout the body
这些细胞在人体内分布广泛。
inherent | 英[ɪnˈhɪərənt] | 美[ɪnˈhɪrənt] |
[例句]Stress is an inherent part of dieting.
节食必定会带来压力。
further | 英[ˈfɜ:ðə(r)] | 美[ˈfɜ:rðə(r)] |
adj. | 更多的; 更远的,较远的; 更进一步的,深一层的; |
[例句]They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.
他们缺少能够进一步研发这一技术装置的科研人员。
conceptual |
英[kənˈseptʃuəl] | 美[kənˈsɛptʃuəl] |
[例句]The two systems are, at bottom, conceptual models
这两个系统实质上是两种概念模式
mechanisms | 英['mekənɪzəmz] | 美['mekənɪzəmz] |
n. | 机械( mechanism的名词复数 ); 机械装置; [生物学] 机制; 机械作用; |
[例句]UK employment law embodies arbitration and conciliation mechanisms for settling industrial disputes.
英国雇佣法包括解决劳资纠纷的仲裁和调解机制。
dictate | 英[dɪkˈteɪt] | 美[ˈdɪkteɪt] |
vt. | 口述; 命令,指示; 使听写; 控制,支配; |
[例句]Sheldon writes every day of the week, dictating his novels in the morning
谢尔登一周7天都要写作,每天早上口述小说让别人记录。
throughout | 英[θru:ˈaʊt] | 美[θruˈaʊt] |
prep. | (表示时间) 自始至终; 在…期间; 遍及…地域; 遍及…场所; |
[例句]The national tragedy of rival groups killing each other continued throughout 1990
敌对派别相互残杀的国家悲剧1990年全年都在上演。