java nio框架netty,Java NIO框架Netty简单使用的示例

之前写了一篇文章：java 网络io编程总结(bio、nio、aio均含完整实例代码)，介绍了如何使用java原生io支持进行网络编程，本文介绍一种更为简单的方式，即java nio框架。

netty是业界最流行的nio框架之一，具有良好的健壮性、功能、性能、可定制性和可扩展性。同时，它提供的十分简单的api，大大简化了我们的网络编程。

同java io介绍的文章一样，本文所展示的例子，实现了一个相同的功能。

1、服务端

server：

package com.anxpp.io.calculator.netty;

import io.netty.bootstrap.serverbootstrap;

import io.netty.channel.channelfuture;

import io.netty.channel.channelinitializer;

import io.netty.channel.channeloption;

import io.netty.channel.eventloopgroup;

import io.netty.channel.nio.nioeventloopgroup;

import io.netty.channel.socket.socketchannel;

import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.nioserversocketchannel;

public class server {

private int port;

public server(int port) {

this.port = port;

}

public void run() throws exception {

eventloopgroup bossgroup = new nioeventloopgroup();

eventloopgroup workergroup = new nioeventloopgroup();

try {

serverbootstrap b = new serverbootstrap();

b.group(bossgroup, workergroup)

.channel(nioserversocketchannel.class)

.option(channeloption.so_backlog, 1024)

.childoption(channeloption.so_keepalive, true)

.childhandler(new channelinitializer() {

@override

public void initchannel(socketchannel ch) throws exception {

ch.pipeline().addlast(new serverhandler());

}

});

channelfuture f = b.bind(port).sync();

system.out.println("服务器开启："+port);

f.channel().closefuture().sync();

} finally {

workergroup.shutdowngracefully();

bossgroup.shutdowngracefully();

}

}

public static void main(string[] args) throws exception {

int port;

if (args.length > 0) {

port = integer.parseint(args[0]);

} else {

port = 9090;

}

new server(port).run();

}

}

serverhandler：

package com.anxpp.io.calculator.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.bytebuf;

import io.netty.buffer.unpooled;

import io.netty.channel.channelhandlercontext;

import io.netty.channel.channelinboundhandleradapter;

import java.io.unsupportedencodingexception;

import com.anxpp.io.utils.calculator;

public class serverhandler extends channelinboundhandleradapter {

@override

public void channelread(channelhandlercontext ctx, object msg) throws unsupportedencodingexception {

bytebuf in = (bytebuf) msg;

byte[] req = new byte[in.readablebytes()];

in.readbytes(req);

string body = new string(req,"utf-8");

system.out.println("收到客户端消息:"+body);

string calrresult = null;

try{

calrresult = calculator.instance.cal(body).tostring();

}catch(exception e){

calrresult = "错误的表达式：" + e.getmessage();

}

ctx.write(unpooled.copiedbuffer(calrresult.getbytes()));

}

@override

public void channelreadcomplete(channelhandlercontext ctx) throws exception {

ctx.flush();

}

/**

* 异常处理

*/

@override

public void exceptioncaught(channelhandlercontext ctx, throwable cause) {

cause.printstacktrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

package com.anxpp.io.calculator.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.bytebuf;

import io.netty.buffer.unpooled;

import io.netty.channel.channelhandlercontext;

import io.netty.channel.channelinboundhandleradapter;

import java.io.unsupportedencodingexception;

import com.anxpp.io.utils.calculator;

public class serverhandler extends channelinboundhandleradapter {

@override

public void channelread(channelhandlercontext ctx, object msg) throws unsupportedencodingexception {

bytebuf in = (bytebuf) msg;

byte[] req = new byte[in.readablebytes()];

in.readbytes(req);

string body = new string(req,"utf-8");

system.out.println("收到客户端消息:"+body);

string calrresult = null;

try{

calrresult = calculator.instance.cal(body).tostring();

}catch(exception e){

calrresult = "错误的表达式：" + e.getmessage();

}

ctx.write(unpooled.copiedbuffer(calrresult.getbytes()));

}

@override

public void channelreadcomplete(channelhandlercontext ctx) throws exception {

ctx.flush();

}

/**

* 异常处理

*/

@override

public void exceptioncaught(channelhandlercontext ctx, throwable cause) {

cause.printstacktrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

2、客户端

client：

package com.anxpp.io.calculator.netty;

import io.netty.bootstrap.bootstrap;

import io.netty.channel.channelfuture;

import io.netty.channel.channelinitializer;

import io.netty.channel.channeloption;

import io.netty.channel.eventloopgroup;

import io.netty.channel.nio.nioeventloopgroup;

import io.netty.channel.socket.socketchannel;

import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.niosocketchannel;

import java.util.scanner;

public class client implements runnable{

static clienthandler client = new clienthandler();

public static void main(string[] args) throws exception {

new thread(new client()).start();

@suppresswarnings("resource")

scanner scanner = new scanner(system.in);

while(client.sendmsg(scanner.nextline()));

}

@override

public void run() {

string host = "127.0.0.1";

int port = 9090;

eventloopgroup workergroup = new nioeventloopgroup();

try {

bootstrap b = new bootstrap();

b.group(workergroup);

b.channel(niosocketchannel.class);

b.option(channeloption.so_keepalive, true);

b.handler(new channelinitializer() {

@override

public void initchannel(socketchannel ch) throws exception {

ch.pipeline().addlast(client);

}

});

channelfuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync();

f.channel().closefuture().sync();

} catch (interruptedexception e) {

e.printstacktrace();

} finally {

workergroup.shutdowngracefully();

}

}

}

clienthandler：

package com.anxpp.io.calculator.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.bytebuf;

import io.netty.buffer.unpooled;

import io.netty.channel.channelhandlercontext;

import io.netty.channel.channelinboundhandleradapter;

import java.io.unsupportedencodingexception;

public class clienthandler extends channelinboundhandleradapter {

channelhandlercontext ctx;

/**

* tcp链路简历成功后调用

*/

@override

public void channelactive(channelhandlercontext ctx) throws exception {

this.ctx = ctx;

}

public boolean sendmsg(string msg){

system.out.println("客户端发送消息："+msg);

byte[] req = msg.getbytes();

bytebuf m = unpooled.buffer(req.length);

m.writebytes(req);

ctx.writeandflush(m);

return msg.equals("q")?false:true;

}

/**

* 收到服务器消息后调用

* @throws unsupportedencodingexception

*/

@override

public void channelread(channelhandlercontext ctx, object msg) throws unsupportedencodingexception {

bytebuf buf = (bytebuf) msg;

byte[] req = new byte[buf.readablebytes()];

buf.readbytes(req);

string body = new string(req,"utf-8");

system.out.println("服务器消息："+body);

}

/**

* 发生异常时调用

*/

@override

public void exceptioncaught(channelhandlercontext ctx, throwable cause) {

cause.printstacktrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

3、用于计算的工具类

package com.anxpp.io.utils;

import javax.script.scriptengine;

import javax.script.scriptenginemanager;

import javax.script.scriptexception;

public enum calculator {

instance;

private final static scriptengine jse = new scriptenginemanager().getenginebyname("javascript");

public object cal(string expression) throws scriptexception{

return jse.eval(expression);

}

}

4、测试

分别启动服务端和客户端，然后再客户端控制台输入表达式：

1+5+5+5+5+5

客户端发送消息：1+5+5+5+5+5

服务器消息：26

156158*458918+125615

客户端发送消息：156158*458918+125615

服务器消息：7.1663842659e10

1895612+555+5+5+5+5+5+5+5-5*4/4

客户端发送消息：1895612+555+5+5+5+5+5+5+5-5*4/4

服务器消息：1896197

可以看到服务端返回的结果。

查看服务端控制台：

服务器开启：9090

收到客户端消息:1+5+5+5+5+5

收到客户端消息:156158*458918+125615

收到客户端消息:1895612+555+5+5+5+5+5+5+5-5*4/4

5、更多

相关文章：

后续会继续更新netty相关内容，直到一个简陋的通讯服务器完成。

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