java 监听ipv6的udp_IPv6下网络编程socket， TCP和UDP例子，以及兼容IPV4和IPV6的类

最新推荐文章于 2021-08-19 17:59:55 发布

妄想特立独行的猪

最新推荐文章于 2021-08-19 17:59:55 发布

阅读量488

点赞数

文章标签： java 监听ipv6的udp

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42312227/article/details/114713703

版权

本文介绍了在Java中如何使用IPv6进行TCP和UDP网络编程，包括服务器端和客户端的源代码示例。文章还探讨了IPv4与IPv6的区别，并提供了兼容两种协议的类。示例展示了如何创建和绑定IPv6套接字，以及如何处理连接和数据传输。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

一、TCP socket ipv6与ipv4的区别

服务器端源代码如下：

1 #include

2 #include

3 #include

4 #include

5 #include

6 #include

7 #include

8 #include

9 #include

10 #include

11 #define MAXBUF 1024

12 int main(int argc, char **argv)13 {14 intsockfd, new_fd;15 socklen_t len;16

17 /*struct sockaddr_in my_addr, their_addr;*/ //IPv4

18 struct sockaddr_in6 my_addr, their_addr; //IPv6

20 unsigned intmyport, lisnum;21 char buf[MAXBUF + 1];22

23 if (argv[1])24 myport = atoi(argv[1]);25 else

26 myport = 7838;27

28 if (argv[2])29 lisnum = atoi(argv[2]);30 else

31 lisnum = 2;32

33 /*if ((sockfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {*/ //IPv4

34 if ((sockfd = socket(PF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) { //IPv6

35 perror("socket");36 exit(1);37 } else

38 printf("socket created/n");39

40 bzero(&my_addr, sizeof(my_addr));41 /*my_addr.sin_family = PF_INET;*/ //IPv4

42 my_addr.sin6_family = PF_INET6; //IPv6

43 /*my_addr.sin_port = htons(myport);*/ //IPv4

44 my_addr.sin6_port = htons(myport); //IPv6

45 if (argv[3])46 /*my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[3]);*/ //IPv4

47 inet_pton(AF_INET6, argv[3], &my_addr.sin6_addr); //IPv6

48 else

49 /*my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;*/ //IPv4

50 my_addr.sin6_addr = in6addr_any; //IPv6

52 /*if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))*/ //IPv4

53 if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6)) //IPv6

54 == -1) {55 perror("bind");56 exit(1);57 } else

58 printf("binded/n");59

60 if (listen(sockfd, lisnum) == -1) {61 perror("listen");62 exit(1);63 } else

64 printf("begin listen/n");65

66 while (1) {67 len = sizeof(structsockaddr);68 if ((new_fd =

69 accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &their_addr,70 &len)) == -1) {71 perror("accept");72 exit(errno);73 } else

74 printf("server: got connection from %s, port %d, socket %d/n",75 /*inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr),*/ //IPv4

76 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &their_addr.sin6_addr, buf, sizeof(buf)), //IPv6

77 /*ntohs(their_addr.sin_port), new_fd);*/ //IPv4

78 their_addr.sin6_port, new_fd); //IPv6

80 /*开始处理每个新连接上的数据收发*/

81 bzero(buf, MAXBUF + 1);82 strcpy(buf,83 "这是在连接建立成功后向客户端发送的第一个消息/n只能向new_fd这个用accept函数新建立的socket发消息，不能向sockfd这个监听socket发送消息，监听socket不能用来接收或发送消息/n");84 /*发消息给客户端*/

85 len = send(new_fd, buf, strlen(buf), 0);86 if (len < 0) {87 printf88 ("消息'%s'发送失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'/n",89 buf, errno, strerror(errno));90 } else

91 printf("消息'%s'发送成功，共发送了%d个字节！/n",92 buf, len);93

94 bzero(buf, MAXBUF + 1);95 /*接收客户端的消息*/

96 len = recv(new_fd, buf, MAXBUF, 0);97 if (len > 0)98 printf("接收消息成功:'%s'，共%d个字节的数据/n",99 buf, len);100 else

101 printf102 ("消息接收失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'/n",103 errno, strerror(errno));104 /*处理每个新连接上的数据收发结束*/

105 }106

107 close(sockfd);108 return 0;109 }

每行程序后面的 “//IPv4” 表示这行代码是在IPv4网络里用的

而“//IPv6” 表示这行代码是在IPv6网络里用的，比较一下，会很容易看到差别的。

客户端源代码如下：

1 #include

2 #include

3 #include

4 #include

5 #include

6 #include

7 #include

8 #include

9 #include

10 #define MAXBUF 1024

11 int main(int argc, char **argv)12 {13 intsockfd, len;14 /*struct sockaddr_in dest;*/ //IPv4

15 struct sockaddr_in6 dest; //IPv6

16 char buffer[MAXBUF + 1];17

18 if (argc != 3) {19 printf20 ("参数格式错误！正确用法如下：/n/t/t%s IP地址端口/n/t比如:/t%s 127.0.0.1 80/n此程序用来从某个 IP 地址的服务器某个端口接收最多 MAXBUF 个字节的消息",21 argv[0], argv[0]);22 exit(0);23 }24 /*创建一个 socket 用于 tcp 通信*/

25 /*if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {*/ //IPv4

26 if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) { //IPv6

27 perror("Socket");28 exit(errno);29 }30 printf("socket created/n");31

32 /*初始化服务器端(对方)的地址和端口信息*/

33 bzero(&dest, sizeof(dest));34 /*dest.sin_family = AF_INET;*/ //IPv4

35 dest.sin6_family = AF_INET6; //IPv6

36 /*dest.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));*/ //IPv4

37 dest.sin6_port = htons(atoi(argv[2])); //IPv6

38 /*if (inet_aton(argv[1], (struct in_addr *) &dest.sin_addr.s_addr) == 0) {*/ //IPv4

39 if ( inet_pton(AF_INET6, argv[1], &dest.sin6_addr) < 0 ) { //IPv6

40 perror(argv[1]);41 exit(errno);42 }43 printf("address created/n");44

45 /*连接服务器*/

46 if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &dest, sizeof(dest)) != 0) {47 perror("Connect");48 exit(errno);49 }50 printf("server connected/n");51

52 /*接收对方发过来的消息，最多接收 MAXBUF 个字节*/

53 bzero(buffer, MAXBUF + 1);54 /*接收服务器来的消息*/

55 len = recv(sockfd, buffer, MAXBUF, 0);56 if (len > 0)57 printf("接收消息成功:'%s'，共%d个字节的数据/n",58 buffer, len);59 else

60 printf61 ("消息接收失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'/n",62 errno, strerror(errno));63

64 bzero(buffer, MAXBUF + 1);65 strcpy(buffer, "这是客户端发给服务器端的消息/n");66 /*发消息给服务器*/

67 len = send(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer), 0);68 if (len < 0)69 printf70 ("消息'%s'发送失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'/n",71 buffer, errno, strerror(errno));72 else

73 printf("消息'%s'发送成功，共发送了%d个字节！/n",74 buffer, len);75

76 /*关闭连接*/

77 close(sockfd);78 return 0;79 }

编译程序用下列命令：

gcc -Wall ipv6-server.c -o ipv6server

gcc -Wall ipv6-client.c -o ipv6client

你自己的主机有IPv6地址吗？很多人会问，输入ifconfig命令看一下吧：

eth0 链路封装:以太网硬件地址 00:14:2A:6D:5B:A5

inet 地址:192.168.0.167 广播:192.168.0.255 掩码:255.255.255.0

inet6 地址: fe80::214:2aff:fe6d:5ba5/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 跃点数:1

接收数据包:30507 错误:0 丢弃:0 过载:0 帧数:0

发送数据包:26797 错误:0 丢弃:0 过载:0 载波:0

碰撞:0 发送队列长度:1000

接收字节:31461154 (30.0 MiB) 发送字节:4472810 (4.2 MiB)

中断:185 基本地址:0xe400

lo 链路封装:本地环回

inet 地址:127.0.0.1 掩码:255.0.0.0

inet6 地址: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 跃点数:1

接收数据包:13 错误:0 丢弃:0 过载:0 帧数:0

发送数据包:13 错误:0 丢弃:0 过载:0 载波:0

碰撞:0 发送队列长度:0

接收字节:1178 (1.1 KiB) 发送字节:1178 (1.1 KiB)

看到“inet6 地址:”这两行了吗？后面就是你的IPv6地址

启动服务：

./ipv6server 7838 1

或者加上IP地址启动服务：

./ipv6server 7838 1 fe80::214:2aff:fe6d:5ba5

启动客户端测试一下：

./ipv6client ::1/128 7838

或

./ipv6client fe80::214:2aff:fe6d:5ba5 7838

二、UDP ipv6例子

UDP服务端：

1 #include

2 #include

3 #include

4 #include

5 #include

6 #define LOCALPORT 8888

7 int main(int argc,char *argv[])8 {9 intmysocket,len;10 int i=0;11 structsockaddr_in6 addr;12 intaddr_len;13 char msg[200];14 char buf[300];15

16 if((mysocket=socket(AF_INET6,SOCK_DGRAM,0))<0)17 {18 perror("error:");19 return(1);20 }21 else

22 {23 printf("socket created ...\n");24 printf("socket id :%d \n",mysocket);25 }26

27 addr_len=sizeof(structsockaddr_in6);28 bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));29 addr.sin6_family=AF_INET6;30 addr.sin6_port=htons(LOCALPORT);31 addr.sin6_addr=in6addr_any;32

33 if(bind(mysocket,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,sizeof(addr))<0)34 {35 perror("connect");36 return(1);37 }38 else

39 {40 printf("bink ok .\n");41 printf("local port : %d\n",LOCALPORT);42 }43 while(1)44 {45 bzero(msg,sizeof(msg));46 len = recvfrom(mysocket,msg,sizeof(msg),0,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,(socklen_t*)&addr_len);47 printf("%d:",i);48 i++;49 inet_ntop(AF_INET6,&addr.sin6_addr,buf,sizeof(buf));50 printf("message from ip %s",buf);51 printf("Received message : %s\n",msg);52 if(sendto(mysocket,msg,len,0,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,addr_len)<0)53 {54 printf("error");55 return(1);56 }57 }58 }

UDP客户端代码：

1 #include

2 #include

3 #include

4 #include

5 #include

6 #define REMOTEPORT 8888

7 #define REMOTEIP "::1"

8 int main(int argc,char *argv[])9 {10 intmysocket,len;11 int i=0;12 structsockaddr_in6 addr;13 intaddr_len;14 char msg[200];15 if((mysocket=socket(AF_INET6,SOCK_DGRAM,0))<0)16 {17 perror("error:");18 return(1);19 }20 else

21 {22 printf("socket created ...\n");23 printf("socket id :%d \n",mysocket);24 printf("rmote ip : %s\n",REMOTEIP);25 printf("remote port :%d \n",REMOTEPORT);26 }27

28 addr_len=sizeof(structsockaddr_in6);29 bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));30 addr.sin6_family=AF_INET6;31 addr.sin6_port=htons(REMOTEPORT);32 inet_pton(AF_INET6,REMOTEIP,&addr.sin6_addr);33

34 while(1)35 {36 bzero(msg,sizeof(msg));37 len=read(STDIN_FILENO,msg,sizeof(msg));38 if(sendto(mysocket,msg,sizeof(msg),0,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,addr_len)<0)39 {40 printf("error");41 return(1);42 }43 len=recvfrom(mysocket,msg,sizeof(msg),0,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,(socklen_t*)&addr_len);44 printf("%d:",i);45 i++;46 printf("Received message : %s\n",msg);47 }48 }49

"::1"相当于ipv4下的lo，即127网段

三、ipv6环境下inet_pton和inet_ntop

附上一段ipv6环境下inet_pton和inet_ntop函数代码

1 #include

2 #include

3 #include

4 #include

6 int main(int argc, char **argv)7 {8 unsigned char buf[sizeof(structin6_addr)];9 intdomain, s;10 charstr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];11

12 if(argc != 3){13 fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s {i4|i6|} string\n", argv[0]);14 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);15 }16

17 domain = (strcmp(argv[1], "i4") == 0) ? AF_INET:(strcmp(argv[1], "i6") == 0) ? AF_INET6 : atoi(argv[1]);18

19 //IP字符串 ——》网络字节流

20 s = inet_pton(domain, argv[2], buf);21 if(s<=0)22 {23 if(0 ==s)24 fprintf(stderr, "Not in presentation format\n");25 else

26 perror("inet_pton");27 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);28 }29

30 //网络字节流 ——》IP字符串

31 if(inet_ntop(domain, buf, str, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN) ==NULL){32 perror("inet ntop\n");33 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);34 }35 printf("%s\n", str);36 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);37 }38

四、兼容IPV4和IPV6地址代码

为了能够兼容ipv4和ipv6，可以组织代码如下：

1 #define ADDRESS_BUFFER 50

3 typedef classaddress4 {5 private:6 short int sin_family; //address family AF_INET or AF_INET6

7 union8 {9 charbinary_addr4[IPV4_LEN];10 charbinary_addr6[IPV6_LEN];11 }addr;12 charreadable_addr[ADDRESS_BUFFER];13

14 public:15 address();16 bool operator == (const address &dst) const;17 bool operator != (const address &dst) const { return (*this == dst? false : true);}18 bool operator < (const address &dst) const;19 const char* get_readable_address() const {returnreadable_addr;}20 int get_family() const {returnsin_family;}21 bool is_ipv6() const {return sin_family ==AF_INET6;}22 void set_family(int af) {if(af != AF_INET && af != AF_INET6) return; sin_family =af;}23 bool set_from_readable_address(const char*readable_address);24 const char* get_binary_data() {return (char*)&addr;}25 }address;

这里最重要的函数是set_from_readable_address函数，该函数是整个类的入口，执行该函数需要传入一个可读的IP地址，ipv4应该是"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"形式，ipv6应该是如：“ff01::1”或者"ffec:afaf::111"等可读的格式，返回false代表转换格式遇到错误，下面贴上该函数的实现代码，其它函数有兴趣的可以自己实现

1 bool address::set_from_readable_address(const char*readable_address)2 {3 if(readable_address ==NULL)4 return false;5 memset(addr.binary_addr6, 0, sizeof(addr.binary_addr6));6 const char*p =readable_address;7 int cnt = 0;8 for(; *p != '\0';p++)9 if(*p == ':')10 cnt++;11 if(cnt >= 2)12 {13 sin_family =AF_INET6;14 if( inet_pton(PF_INET6,readable_address,addr.binary_addr6) <= 0)15 return false;16 strncpy(readable_addr, readable_address, ADDRESS_BUFFER);17 }else

18 {19 sin_family =AF_INET;20 if( inet_pton(PF_INET,readable_address,addr.binary_addr4) <= 0)21 return false;22 strncpy(readable_addr, readable_address, ADDRESS_BUFFER);23 }24 return true;25 }