Java比较器

Comparable

自然排序

 Comparable接口排序方式称为 自然排序。实现Comparable接口的类必须实现compareTo()方法：

public class CompareTest implements Comparable<T>{
    @Override
    public int compareTo(T t){}
}

 a.compareTo(b)返回1，系统认为a>b；a.compareTo(b)返回-1，系统认为a<b；a.compareTo(b)返回0，系统认为a=b。可以改变重写内容使得系统认为a>b，而实际上b>a。

数组的自然排序

 使用Arrays.sort()方法可实现数组的自然排序。

public static void sort(Object[] a) {}

 对于自然排序方法，sort()按照 系统认为的 从小到大 进行排序，即compareTo()返回-1的排在之前，compareTo()返回1的排在之后，compareTo()返回0则按照其它规则排序。

Person.java

public class Person implements Comparable<Person> {
    private String name;
    private float height;
    private int weight;
    public Person(String name,float height,int weight){
        this.name = name;
        this.height = height;
        this.weight = weight;
    }
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getName(){
        return this.name;
    }
    
    public void setHeight(float height){
        this.height = height;
    }
    public float getHeight(){
        return this.height;
    }
    
    public void setWeight(int weight){
        this.weight = weight;
    }
    public int getWeight(){
        return this.weight;
    }
    
    @Override
    public int compareTo(Person person){
        if(this.getHeight() > person.getHeight()) return 1;
        else if(this.getHeight() < person.getHeight()) return -1;
        else {
            if(this.getWeight() > person.getWeight()) return 1;
            else if(this.getWeight() < person.getWeight()) return -1;
            else return this.getName().compareTo(person.getName());
        }
    }
}

Main.java

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person[] persons = new Person[5];
        persons[0] = new Person("Tony",1.75f,130);
        persons[1] = new Person("Anna",1.70f,120);
        persons[2] = new Person("Steve",1.75f,120);
        persons[3] = new Person("Jerry",1.74f,115);
        persons[4] = new Person("Lucy",1.70f,120);
        
        Arrays.sort(persons);
        for(Person person : persons) {
            System.out.println(person.getName()+" "
                               +person.getHeight()+"m "
                               +person.getWeight()+"(1/2Kg)");
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

Anna 1.7m 120(1/2Kg)
Lucy 1.7m 120(1/2Kg)
Jerry 1.74m 115(1/2Kg)
Steve 1.75m 120(1/2Kg)
Tony 1.75m 130(1/2Kg)

Comparator

定制排序

 Comparator接口排序方式称为 定制排序。实现Comparator的类必须实现compare()方法：

public class CompareTest implements Comparator<T> {
    @Override
    public int compare(T t1,T t2) {}
}

 Comparator与Comparable的区别在于：
 使用Comparable接口实现排序依赖于需要排序的类，排序的规则(从大到小还是从小到大)在需要排序的类内部制定。因此实现Comparable接口的类一旦制定排序规则(从大到小还是从小到大)在使用中就不能改变。
 使用Comparator接口实现排序不依赖于需要排序的类，排序的规则(从大到小还是从小到大)可以在需要排序的类外部制定。因此对于Comparator接口排序方式，常使用匿名内部类实现。

Arrays.sort(persons,new Comparator<Person>(){
    @Override
    public int compare(Person p1,Person p2) {}
});

 compare()返回1系统认为p1>p2，compare()返回-1系统认为p1<p2，compare()返回0系统认为p1=p2。sort()方法按照 系统认为 的 从小到大 进行排序，即compare()返回-1的排在之前，compare()返回1的排在之后，compare()返回0则按照其它规则排序。

数组的定制排序

Person.java

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private float height;
    private int weight;
    public Person(String name,float height,int weight){
        this.name = name;
        this.height = height;
        this.weight = weight;
    }
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getName(){
        return this.name;
    }
    
    public void setHeight(float height){
        this.height = height;
    }
    public float getHeight(){
        return this.height;
    }
    
    public void setWeight(int weight){
        this.weight = weight;
    }
    public int getWeight(){
        return this.weight;
    }
}

Main.java

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person[] persons = new Person[5];
        persons[0] = new Person("Tony",1.75f,130);
        persons[1] = new Person("Anna",1.70f,120);
        persons[2] = new Person("Steve",1.75f,120);
        persons[3] = new Person("Jerry",1.74f,115);
        persons[4] = new Person("Lucy",1.70f,120);
        
        //从小到大排序
        Arrays.sort(persons,new Comparator<Person>(){
            @Override
            public int compare(Person p1,Person p2){
                if(p1.getHeight() > p2.getHeight()) return 1;
                else if(p1.getHeight() < p2.getHeight()) return -1;
                else {
                    if(p1.getWeight() > p2.getWeight()) return 1;
                    else if(p1.getWeight() < p2.getWeight()) return -1;
                    else return p1.getName().compareTo(p2.getName());
                }
            }
        });
        for(Person person : persons) {
            System.out.println(person.getName()+" "
                               +person.getHeight()+"m "
                               +person.getWeight()+"(1/2Kg)");
        }
        
        System.out.println();
        
        //从大到小排序
        Arrays.sort(persons,new Comparator<Person>(){
            @Override
            public int compare(Person p1,Person p2){
                if(p1.getHeight() > p2.getHeight()) return -1;
                else if(p1.getHeight() < p2.getHeight()) return 1;
                else {
                    if(p1.getWeight() > p2.getWeight()) return -1;
                    else if(p1.getWeight() < p2.getWeight()) return 1;
                    else return -(p1.getName().compareTo(p2.getName()));
                }
            }
        });
        for(Person person : persons) {
            System.out.println(person.getName()+" "
                               +person.getHeight()+"m "
                               +person.getWeight()+"(1/2Kg)");
        }
        
    }
}

运行结果：

Anna 1.7m 120(1/2Kg)
Lucy 1.7m 120(1/2Kg)
Jerry 1.74m 115(1/2Kg)
Steve 1.75m 120(1/2Kg)
Tony 1.75m 130(1/2Kg)

Tony 1.75m 130(1/2Kg)
Steve 1.75m 120(1/2Kg)
Jerry 1.74m 115(1/2Kg)
Lucy 1.7m 120(1/2Kg)
Anna 1.7m 120(1/2Kg)