加载View的onDraw()方法的时机以及invalidate()方法的作用。
事实上,远远没有您想象的那么简单。为了写好这篇博客,还是拿例子说事吧。
[java] view plaincopyprint?
package mark.zhang;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.RectF;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
public class ViewDrawTestActivity extends Activity {
// 用于测试
static int times = 1;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
MyView mView = new MyView(this);
mView.invalidate();
//setContentView(mView);
}
/**
* 内部类,继承View
*
* @author mark
*/
class MyView extends View {
MyView(Context context) {
super(context);
}
Paint vPaint = new Paint(); // 绘制样式物件
int i = 0; // 弧形角度
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
Log.d("mark", "this run onDraw() " + (times++) + " times!");
// 设定绘图样式
vPaint.setColor(0xff00ffff); // 画笔颜色
vPaint.setAntiAlias(true); // 反锯齿
vPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
// 绘制一个弧形
canvas.drawArc(new RectF(60, 120, 260, 320), 0, i, true, vPaint);
// 弧形角度
if ((i += 10) > 360) {
i = 0;
}
// 重绘, 再一次执行onDraw 程序
// invalidate();
}
}
}
例子没有多大的变化,只是在onCreate()方法中直接调用invalidate()方法,如:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
mView.invalidate();
这样做的目的主要是想看看,自己调用View的invalidate()方法会不会触发onDraw()方法。运行一下:
呵呵,onDraw()方法并没有执行!那么是不是因为没有调用setContentVIew()方法呢?修改onCreate()方法:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
MyView mView = new MyView(this);
mView.invalidate();
setContentView(mView);
mView.invalidate();
}
再次运行,效果:
[html] view plaincopyprint?
D/mark ( 251): this run onDraw() 1 times!
说明,只有setContentVIew()方法中的invalidate()方法启了作用,自己调用View的invalidate()方法,mView.invalidate()没启任何作用。但是,在MyView的onDraw()方法中调用invalidate()方法可以循环调用onDraw()方法,类似递归。
分析一下,invalidate()方法的源码吧,在这里也许可以找到答案。
[java] view plaincopyprint?
/**
* Invalidate the whole view. If the view is visible, {@link #onDraw} will
* be called at some point in the future. This must be called from a
* UI thread. To call from a non-UI thread, call {@link #postInvalidate()}.
*/
public void invalidate() {
if (ViewDebug.TRACE_HIERARCHY) {
ViewDebug.trace(this, ViewDebug.HierarchyTraceType.INVALIDATE);
}
if ((mPrivateFlags & (DRAWN | HAS_BOUNDS)) == (DRAWN | HAS_BOUNDS)) {
mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWN & ~DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
final ViewParent p = mParent;
final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;
if (p != null && ai != null) {
final Rect r = ai.mTmpInvalRect;
r.set(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
// Don't call invalidate -- we don't want to internally scroll
// our own bounds
p.invalidateChild(this, r);
}
}
}
这里可以看到p.invalidateChild(this, r)(看源码只看关键部分,不然你会很晕!),其中p是ViewParent实例对象。ViewParent是一个接口,现在我们关心谁实现了这个接口?
通过千辛万苦的search,终于找到ViewParen的实现类ViewRoot:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
/**
* The top of a view hierarchy, implementing the needed protocol between View
* and the WindowManager. This is for the most part an internal implementation
* detail of {@link WindowManagerImpl}.
*
* {@hide}
*/
@SuppressWarnings({"EmptyCatchBlock"})
public final class ViewRoot extends Handler implements ViewParent, View.AttachInfo.Callbacks { }
那么,看看该类实现的invalidateChild()方法:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
public void invalidateChild(View child, Rect dirty) {
checkThread();
if (DEBUG_DRAW) Log.v(TAG, "Invalidate child: " + dirty);
if (mCurScrollY != 0 || mTranslator != null) {
mTempRect.set(dirty);
dirty = mTempRect;
if (mCurScrollY != 0) {
dirty.offset(0, -mCurScrollY);
}
if (mTranslator != null) {
mTranslator.translateRectInAppWindowToScreen(dirty);
}
if (mAttachInfo.mScalingRequired) {
dirty.inset(-1, -1);
}
}
mDirty.union(dirty);
if (!mWillDrawSoon) {
scheduleTraversals();
}
}
关键代码在这儿:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
if (!mWillDrawSoon) {
scheduleTraversals();
}
这个方法是向Handler发送消息:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
public void scheduleTraversals() {
if (!mTraversalScheduled) {
mTraversalScheduled = true;
sendEmptyMessage(DO_TRAVERSAL);
}
}
接下来,看看ViewRoot的Handler的handleMessage的实现:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
// 、、、
case DO_TRAVERSAL:
// 、、、
performTraversals();
}
}
performTraversals()方法,调用ViewRoot的私有方法private void draw(boolean fullRedrawNeeded),在该方法中有句代码很关键:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
mView.draw(canvas);
其实这句代码,就是调用View的draw()方法 ,关键代码:
[java] view plaincopyprint?
if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);
也就是说,满足这个方法,就会回调onDraw()方法。到此为止,您应该明白,当我们自己调用invalidate()方法时,想使onDraw()方法回调,必须满足条件。
总结:子view会通过父view启动刷新方法,调用子view的onDraw。