一、拦截器,拦截器栈
1、拦截器的作用
拦截器本质上和servlet的过滤器是一样的。在struts2中,拦截器能够对Action前后进行拦截,拦截器是一个可插拨的,你可以选择使用拦截器,也可以卸载拦截器。
2、拦截器执行顺序
在struts.xml文件中,中先引用的先执行,后引用的后执行。如果某个拦截器出错或不允许通过,那么下一个拦截器是不允许执行的。
需要拦截哪个Action,就在哪个Action对应的标签中配置即可。
在部署web应用时,拦截器的空参构造方法和init()方法各执行一次,每次请求时intercept()方法都会执行一次。
3、自定义拦截器
1) 声明一个拦截器
注意:这里interceptors与action标签同级。其中class对应拦截器的全路径。name对应拦截器的名称,这个可以自己随便定义,建议与类名相同,此名称要唯一。
2)引用一个拦截器:
注意:如何引用一个拦截器?即在Action中标签下配置即可。这里name名称与自定义的名称要一致。
4、自定义拦截器栈
1)声明一个拦截器栈
interceptor-stack标签中进行配置需要引用的拦截器,如下:
2)引用一个拦截器栈:
二、需求分析
如图所示,访问upload.jsp进行上传文件--》LoginInterceptor拦截器进行拦截---》
1、未登录,那么跳转页面到登录页面---》进行登录页面--》登录成功---》可以点击返回到上传文件页面;
2、已登录,登录直接开始上传文件。
三、代码分析:
upload.jsp
--%>
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upload_success.jsp
--%>
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login.jsp
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login_success.jsp
返回上传页面
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sturts.xml
/p>
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
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upload-sturts.xml
/p>
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
/login_success.jsp
/home/amosli/develop/struts2_learn/
/WEB-INF/upload_success.jsp
upload.jsp
login.jsp
5242880
.txt,.xml
text/plain,text/xml
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LoginAction.java
packageinterceptor;importjava.util.Map;importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;/*** @ClassName: LoginAction
* @Description: 用户登录
*@author: amosli
* @email:amosli@infomorrow.com
* @date Jan 17, 2014 12:11:35 AM*/
public class LoginAction extendsActionSupport {private static final long serialVersionUID = 3514444221760688282L;privateString username;public voidsetUsername(String username) {this.username =username;
}publicString loginMethod() {//取得HTPPSession
Map session =ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
session.put("username", username);returnSUCCESS;
}
}
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LoginInterceptor.java
packageinterceptor;importjava.util.Map;importaction.UploadAction;importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;/*** @ClassName: LoginInterceptor
* @Description: 登录拦截器
*@author: amosli
* @email:amosli@infomorrow.com
* @date Jan 17, 2014 11:42:54 PM*/
public class LoginInterceptor implementsInterceptor {private static final long serialVersionUID = 8314579656513662711L;publicLoginInterceptor() {
System.out.println("LoginInterceptor():" + this.hashCode());
}public voiddestroy() {
System.out.println("destroy()");
}public voidinit() {
System.out.println("init()");
}public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throwsException {
System.out.println("LoginInterceptor");// //获取此拦截器将要拦截的action//Object action = invocation.getAction();//System.out.println("action:"+action);//action:action.UploadAction@6522cf92// //获取action的返回值//String resultValue = invocation.invoke();//System.out.println("resultValue:"+resultValue);//resultValue:success//如果拦截器将要拦截的action为UploadAction,那么判断用户是否已经登录
if (invocation.getAction() instanceofUploadAction) {
Map session =ActionContext.getContext().getSession();if (session.get("username") != null) {//判断用户是否已经登录//如果返回值为"success"那么将会匹配到配置文件中为result属性为"success"的内容。//如果返回值为invocation.invoke(),那么将会执行uploadaction方法
returninvocation.invoke();
}else{return "toLoginJsp";
}
}return null;
}
}
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UploadAction.java
packageaction;importjava.io.File;importjava.io.FileInputStream;importjava.io.FileOutputStream;importjava.io.InputStream;importjava.io.OutputStream;importcom.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;/*** @ClassName: UploadAction
* @Description: 文件上传
*@author: amosli
* @email:amosli@infomorrow.com
* @date Jan 14, 2014 1:50:28 AM*/
public class UploadAction extendsActionSupport {private static final long serialVersionUID = -8920466592471253212L;private String username;//用户名
private String[] uploadContentType;//上传文件的类型,(Fileupload拦截器传入的参数)
private File[] upload;//上传的文件,(Fileupload拦截器传入的参数)
private String[] uploadFileName;//上传文件的真实文件名,(Fileupload拦截器传入的参数)
privateString uploadPath;public voidsetUploadPath(String uploadPath) {this.uploadPath =uploadPath;
}public voidsetUsername(String username) {this.username =username;
}publicString[] getUploadContentType() {returnuploadContentType;
}public voidsetUploadContentType(String[] uploadContentType) {this.uploadContentType =uploadContentType;
}publicFile[] getUpload() {returnupload;
}public voidsetUpload(File[] upload) {this.upload =upload;
}publicString[] getUploadFileName() {returnuploadFileName;
}public voidsetUploadFileName(String[] uploadFileName) {this.uploadFileName =uploadFileName;
}publicString getUsername() {returnusername;
}public String uploadMethod() throwsException {//ServletContext context = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();//String real_path = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload/");
for (int i = 0; i < upload.length; i++) {
InputStream inputStream= newFileInputStream(upload[i]);
OutputStream outputStream= new FileOutputStream(uploadPath + "/" +uploadFileName[i]);byte[] b = new byte[1024];int len = 0;while ((len = inputStream.read(b)) > 0) {
outputStream.write(b,0, len);
}//关闭流
inputStream.close();
outputStream.close();//删除tmp文件,最好是用tyrcatch finally进行删除//upload[i].delete();
}returnSUCCESS;
}
}
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其中文件上传的代码主要引用上一篇文章中的,所以这里主要讲LoginInterceptor.java拦截器的代码分析:
实现Interceptor接口,重写其方法,这里主要注意intercept()方法。这里通过ActionInvocation类型的参数获取session值判断用户是否已经登录。
1)如果没有登录返回值为"toLoginJsp",这里对应upload-interceptor.xml中的result name,将其转发到login.jsp页面;
2)如果已经登录,那么执行上传,但这里需要注意的是, 如果返回值为"success"那么将会匹配到配置文件中为result属性为"success"的内容,如果返回值为invocation.invoke(),那么将会执行UploadAction方法,所以这里切记要return invocation.invoke();否则文件上传失败。
其中upload-sturts.xml的配置也是细节问题,主要可以参考文章开头的内容。
四、执行效果:
五、源代码: