对于MySQL的初学者来说,安装是第一步,也是初步认识的第一步,下面就详细介绍安装步骤,每一步都进行过验证,保证安装成功。
一、安装前检查
1、卸载系统自带的Mysql
[root@localhost~]#rpm -qa|grepmysql查询出已安装的mysql
[root@localhost~]#rpm -e --nodeps文件名 一一卸载
2、删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件
[root@localhost~]# rm etc/my.cnf
二、安装步骤
1、系统约定
安装文件下载目录:/data/software
Mysql目录安装位置:/usr/local/mysql
数据库保存位置:/data/mysql
日志保存位置:/data/log/mysql
2、下载mysql
在官网:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 中,选择以下版本的mysql下载:
执行如下命名:
#mkdir data/software
#cd data/software
--下载安装包
--建议:在windows上使用迅雷下载,速度很快(我的是1M/s),然后用工具(Xftp)上传到 /data/software目录下;
#wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
3、解压压缩包到目标位置
#cd data/software
--解压压缩包
#tar -xzvf/data/software/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
--移动并修改文件名
#mv/data/software/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
4创建数据仓库目录
--/data/mysql 数据仓库目录
# mkdir data/mysql
#ls data/
5新建mysql用户、组及目录# ---新建一个msyql组
# useradd -r -s sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -d/usr/local/mysql ---新建msyql用户禁止登录shell
6、改变目录属有者
#cd usr/local/mysql
#pwd
#chown -R mysql .
#chgrp -R mysql .
#chown -R mysql data/mysql
7、配置参数# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
此处需要注意记录生成的临时密码,如上文结尾处的:YLi>7ecpe;YP
8、修改系统配置文件
#cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
# cp mysql.server etc/init.d/mysql
# vim etc/init.d/mysql
修改以下内容:
在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf,并在该文件内添加以下代码:[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/data/mysql
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
新建目录 mkdir var/lib/mysql
chmod 777 var/lib/mysql
9、启动mysql
# etc/init.d/mysql start
--登陆
# mysql -hlocalhost -uroot-p
--如果出现:-bash: mysql: command notfound
--就执行: # ln -s/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql usr/bin --没有出现就不用执行
--输入第6步生成的临时密码
--修改密码
mysql> set password=password('root');
--设置root账户的host地址(修改了才可以远程连接)mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql>flush privileges;
--查看表
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user from user;
--这里就可以使用远程连接测试了;
如提示不能成功连接,可能需要添加需要监听的端口
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
10、添加系统路径
# vim etc/profile
添加:
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
如下:
# source etc/profile
11、配置mysql自动启动# chmod 755 etc/init.d/mysql
# chkconfig --add mysql
# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
以上就是linux环境Mysql 5.7.13安装教程,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
常用命令补充:
--退出mysql命令窗口
#exit
--查看mysql状态
#service mysql status
--停止mysql
#service mysql stop
--启动mysql
#service mysql start
附my.cnf(这是一个配置mysql配置文件,可以参考修改)
/etc/my.cnf# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
log_bin
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_bin
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /export/mysql/var
port = 3306
server_id = 22206
socket = /export/mysql/mysql.sock
binlog_format = statement
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
join_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
log_bin_trust_function_creators = on
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
lower_case_table_names=1