Task08：模块与datetime模块

练习题：

1、怎么查出通过 from xx import xx导⼊的可以直接调⽤的⽅法？
使用help函数

2、了解Collection模块，编写程序以查询给定列表中最常见的元素。

题目说明：

输入：language = [‘PHP’, ‘PHP’, ‘Python’, ‘PHP’, ‘Python’, ‘JS’, ‘Python’, ‘Python’,‘PHP’, ‘Python’]

输出：Python

"""
Input file
language = ['PHP', 'PHP', 'Python', 'PHP', 'Python', 'JS', 'Python', 'Python','PHP', 'Python']
   
Output file
Python
"""
def most_element(language):
    """ Return a list of lines after inserting a word in a specific line. """
   
    # your code here

from collections import Counter

def most_element(language):
    """ Return a list of lines after inserting a word in a specific line. """
    m=Counter(language)
    for key,value in m.items():
        if(value == max(m.values())):
            return key
    
language = ['PHP', 'PHP', 'Python', 'PHP', 'Python', 'JS', 'Python', 'Python','PHP', 'Python']
print(most_element(language))

1、假设你获取了用户输入的日期和时间如2020-1-21 9:01:30，以及一个时区信息如UTC+5:00，均是str，请编写一个函数将其转换为timestamp：

题目说明:

“”"

Input file
example1: dt_str=‘2020-6-1 08:10:30’, tz_str=‘UTC+7:00’
example2: dt_str=‘2020-5-31 16:10:30’, tz_str=‘UTC-09:00’

Output file
result1: 1590973830.0
result2: 1590973830.0
“”"

def to_timestamp(dt_str, tz_str):
# your code here
pass

from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
from dateutil import parser
import re


def to_timestamp(dt_str, tz_str):
    dt = parser.parse(dt_str)
    utc_group = re.match(r'(UTC)([+-])(\d+):(\d+)', tz_str)
    i = int(utc_group.group(3))
    if utc_group.group(2) == '+':
        tz_utc = timezone(timedelta(hours=i))
    elif utc_group.group(2) == '-':
        tz_utc = timezone(timedelta(hours=-i))
    dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=tz_utc)
    return dt.timestamp()

dt_str1, tz_str1 = '2020-6-1 08:10:30', 'UTC+7:00'
dt_str2, tz_str2 = '2020-5-31 16:10:30', 'UTC-09:00'
print(to_timestamp(dt_str1, tz_str1))
print(to_timestamp(dt_str2, tz_str2))

2、编写Python程序以选择指定年份的所有星期日。

题目说明:

“”"

Input file
2020

Output file
2020-01-05
2020-01-12
2020-01-19
2020-01-26
2020-02-02

2020-12-06
2020-12-13
2020-12-20
2020-12-27
“”"

def all_sundays(year):
# your code here

from datetime import date, timedelta

def all_sundays(year):
    year = int(year)
    year_start = date(year, 1, 1)
    # 找出第一个星期天
    year_start += timedelta(days=(7-year_start.isoweekday()))
    while year_start.year == year:
        print(year_start)
        year_start += timedelta(days=7)
        
all_sundays(2020)