这种情况可能有以下2种情况(可能不全,欢迎补充):
1、程序位数和系统位数不匹配。比如程序是32位系统为64位。
2、程序找不到对应的加载器。
这种情况可以按以下情况检查处理:
1) 查看当前程序的解释器:
我们可以先比较下静态编译的程序和动态编译的程序的区别:
以下是静态编译的程序,执行命令:# readelf -l hello-static
Elf file type is EXEC (Executable file)
Entry point 0x8b28
There are 6 program headers, starting at offset 52
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr FileSiz MemSiz Flg Align
EXIDX 0x077610 0x0007f610 0x0007f610 0x00768 0x00768 R 0x4
LOAD 0x000000 0x00008000 0x00008000 0x77d7c 0x77d7c R E 0x8000
LOAD 0x077d7c 0x00087d7c 0x00087d7c 0x00c58 0x020dc RW 0x8000
NOTE 0x0000f4 0x000080f4 0x000080f4 0x00020 0x00020 R 0x4
TLS 0x077d7c 0x00087d7c 0x00087d7c 0x00010 0x00028 R 0x4
GNU_STACK 0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000 0x00000 RW 0x4
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00 .ARM.exidx
01 .note.ABI-tag .init .text __libc_freeres_fn __libc_thread_freeres_fn .fini .rodata __libc_subfreeres __libc_atexit __libc_thread_subfreeres .ARM.extab .ARM.exidx .eh_frame
02 .tdata .init_array .fini_array .jcr .data.rel.ro .got .data .bss __libc_freeres_ptrs
03 .note.ABI-tag
04 .tdata .tbss
05
以下是动态链接的程序,执行命令:readelf -l hello-dynamic:
Elf file type is EXEC (Executable file)
Entry point 0x82c4
There are 8 program headers, starting at offset 52
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr FileSiz MemSiz Flg Align
EXIDX 0x00049c 0x0000849c 0x0000849c 0x00008 0x00008 R 0x4
PHDR 0x000034 0x00008034 0x00008034 0x00100 0x00100 R E 0x4
INTERP 0x000134 0x00008134 0x00008134 0x00013 0x00013 R 0x1
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.3]
LOAD 0x000000 0x00008000 0x00008000 0x004a8 0x004a8 R E 0x8000
LOAD 0x0004a8 0x000104a8 0x000104a8 0x0011c 0x00120 RW 0x8000
DYNAMIC 0x0004b4 0x000104b4 0x000104b4 0x000e8 0x000e8 RW 0x4
NOTE 0x000148 0x00008148 0x00008148 0x00020 0x00020 R 0x4
GNU_STACK 0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000 0x00000 RW 0x4
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00 .ARM.exidx
01
02 .interp
03 .interp .note.ABI-tag .hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rel.dyn .rel.plt .init .plt .text .fini .rodata .ARM.exidx .eh_frame
04 .init_array .fini_array .jcr .dynamic .got .data .bss
05 .dynamic
06 .note.ABI-tag
07
看出两者的区别了么! 动态编译的程序有INTERP段,它指明了程序在加载过程中需要使用的动态链接加载器,如果指定的这个加载器未找到,那么就会提示“ No such file or directory”,如果,找到动态链接加载器,但未找到需要的库,那会有另外的提示。
你需要检查你的机器里面有没有这个解释器,如果没有则会提示“ No such file or directory”。没有的话则补上即可。
实例:我遇到的情况
Elf file type is EXEC (Executable file)
Entry point 0x4166d0
There are 8 program headers, starting at offset 64
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
PHDR 0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000400040 0x0000000000400040
0x00000000000001c0 0x00000000000001c0 R E 0x8
INTERP 0x0000000000000200 0x0000000000400200 0x0000000000400200
0x000000000000000f 0x000000000000000f R 0x1
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld64.so.1]
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000400000
0x00000000009be2bc 0x00000000009be2bc R E 0x200000
LOAD 0x00000000009befa8 0x0000000000fbefa8 0x0000000000fbefa8
0x0000000000205428 0x00000000002b3850 RW 0x200000
DYNAMIC 0x0000000000baec50 0x00000000011aec50 0x00000000011aec50
0x0000000000000230 0x0000000000000230 RW 0x8
NOTE 0x0000000000000210 0x0000000000400210 0x0000000000400210
0x0000000000000044 0x0000000000000044 R 0x4
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RWE 0x10
GNU_RELRO 0x00000000009befa8 0x0000000000fbefa8 0x0000000000fbefa8
0x00000000001f0058 0x00000000001f0058 R 0x1
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00
01 .interp
02 .interp .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .plt.got .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame
03 .init_array .fini_array .jcr .data.rel.ro .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss
04 .dynamic
05 .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id
06
07 .init_array .fini_array .jcr .data.rel.ro .dynamic .got
需要的解释器是:[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld64.so.1]
但是在/lib目录下没有该解释器,查看程序该动态库的链接目录:
执行命令 ldd mipcm
libutil.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil.so.1 (0x00007fd6fa385000)
/lib/ld64.so.1 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fd6fe000000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007fd6fa17d000)
可以看到第二个就是该解释器的相关路径,去/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2查看,该动态库存在。
链接/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2到/lib/ld64.so.1
ln -s /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib/ld64.so.1
执行程序,正常运行!
另外如果可以静态编译的话也可以解决这个问题!
参考文章:
https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390349057?page=1
https://blog.csdn.net/dragon101788/article/details/17507961
https://blog.csdn.net/u013345056/article/details/68946304