基于matlab的模糊控制设计,基于matlab的温度模糊控制系统仿真分析

摘要

传统PID控制是经典控制理论中的一种比例微分积分控制，是工业中应用最广泛的控制方法。但是随着社会和生产的发展，对自动控制的响应速度，系统稳定性和适应能力有了更高的要求。

要对温度进行控制，有很多方案可选。PID控制简单且容易实现，在大多数情况下能满足性能要求。模糊控制的鲁棒性好，无需知道被控对象的数学模型，且在快速性方面有着自己的优势。研究分析了PID控制和模糊控制的优缺点，把两者相互结合，采用了用模糊规则整定PK、IK两个参数的模糊自整定PID控制方法。本研究用MATLAB软件对PID控制、模糊控制和参数模糊自整定PID控制的控制性能分别进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明PID对于对象模型复杂和模型难以确定的控制系统具有很大的局限性，不能满足调节时间短、超调小的技术要求。由于模糊控制的理论(如量化因子和比例因子的确定问题)并不完善，其可能获得的控制性能无法把握，而且模糊控制易受模糊规则有限等级的限制而引起稳态误差。参数模糊自整定PID控制吸收前两种方法的长处，满足了调节时间短、超调量为零且稳态误差较小的控制要求。因此本论文最终确定采用参数模糊自整定PID控制方案。

本文设计了一种基于模糊PID的温度控制系统，以AT89C51单片机为核心，主要做了如下几方面的工作：首先介绍了模糊PID控制理论基础，其次进行系统的硬件设计以及硬件选择，最后进行系统的软件设计以及仿真。

关键词：模糊PID；AT89C51单片机；温度控制；仿真

Title: simulation Analysis of temperature Fuzzy Control system based on matlab

Abstract

Traditional PID control is a kind of proportional differential integral control in classical control theory. It is the most widely used control method in industry. However, with the development of society and production, the response speed to automatic control, System stability and adaptability have higher requirements.

In order to control the temperature, there are many options. Pid control is simple and easy to realize. In most cases, it can meet the performance requirements. The fuzzy control has good robustness, no need to know the mathematical model of the controlled object. And has its own advantages in terms of rapidity. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of PID control and fuzzy control, and combines them with each other. The fuzzy self-tuning PID control method with two parameters is adopted in this paper. The control performance of PID control, fuzzy control and parameter fuzzy self-tuning PID control are simulated by MATLAB software.The results show that PID has great limitation for the control system with complex object model and uncertain model, and can not meet the requirements of short adjusting time. Because the theory of fuzzy control (such as the determination of quantization factor and proportion factor) is not perfect, the possible control performance can not be grasped. Moreover, the fuzzy control is easy to be restricted by the finite class of fuzzy rules, which leads to the steady-state error. The advantages of the first two methods of parameter fuzzy self-tuning PID control are satisfied with the short adjustment time. The control requirement of zero overshoot and small steady-state error. Therefore, the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is adopted in this paper.Case.

In this paper, a temperature control system based on fuzzy PID is designed. The main work is as follows: firstly, the basic theory of fuzzy PID control is introduced; secondly, the hardware design and hardware selection of the system are carried out. Finally, the system software design and simulation.

Keywords:fuzzy PID-AT89C51 single chip microcomputer; temperature control; simulation

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