java 字节拷贝_java实现文件拷贝的几种方式（全！！）

一、前言：下面例子中，所有异常处理均采用抛出的形式，各位千万不要效仿

二、几种拷贝文件的方式

2.1 字节流的形式

public static void byteCopy(String sourcePath,String target) throws IOException {

//1.创建输入流

InputStream iStream = new FileInputStream(sourcePath);

//2.创建输出流

OutputStream oStream = new FileOutputStream(target);

//3.一部分一部分读出

byte[] bytes = new byte[10*1024];

int br;//实际的读取长度

while((br =iStream.read(bytes))!=-1) {//判断是否读到末尾

oStream.write(bytes, 0, br);

}

//4.清空缓存

oStream.flush();

//5.关闭流

if(iStream!=null) {

iStream.close();

}

if(oStream!=null) {

oStream.close();

}

}

2.2 字节流一次复制完成，缺点是：只能应用于小文件

public static void byteCopy2(String sourcePath,String target) throws IOException {

//1.创建输入流

InputStream iStream = new FileInputStream(sourcePath);

//2.创建输出流

OutputStream oStream = new FileOutputStream(target);

int len = iStream.available();

//3.全部读出

byte[] bytes = new byte[len];

iStream.read(bytes);

oStream.write(bytes, 0, len);

//4.清空缓存

oStream.flush();

//5.关闭流

if(iStream!=null) {

iStream.close();

}

if(oStream!=null) {

oStream.close();

}

}

2.3 带缓冲的字节流

public static void byteCopy3(String sourcePath,String target) throws IOException {

//1.创建输入流

BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(sourcePath));

//2.创建输出流

BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(target),1024*1024);

//3.一部分一部分读出

byte[] bytes = new byte[10*1024];

int br;//实际的读取长度

while((br =bufferedInputStream.read(bytes))!=-1) {//判断是否读到末尾

bufferedOutputStream.write(bytes, 0, br);

}

//4.清空缓存

bufferedOutputStream.flush();

//5.关闭流

if(bufferedInputStream!=null) {

bufferedInputStream.close();

}

if(bufferedOutputStream!=null) {

bufferedOutputStream.close();

}

}

2.4 字符流完成，缺点：不能指定字符集，不建议使用

public static void CharCopy(String sourcePath,String target) throws IOException{

Reader reader = new FileReader(sourcePath);

Writer writer = new FileWriter(target);

char[] c = new char[10];

int read;

while((read = reader.read(c))!=-1) {

writer.write(c, 0, read);

}

writer.flush();

if(reader!=null) {

reader.close();

}

if(writer!=null) {

writer.close();

}

}

2.5 标准的字符流实现，能指定字符集，一行一行读出，true表示追加

public static void CharCopy2(String sourcePath,String target) throws IOException{

BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(sourcePath), "utf-8"));

PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(target,true),"utf-8"));

String line;

while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!=null) {

printWriter.write(line+"\n");

}

if(bufferedReader != null) {

bufferedReader.close();

}

if(printWriter != null) {

printWriter.close();

}

}

2.6 NIO实现文件拷贝(用transferTo的实现 或者transferFrom的实现)，这里是transferTo的实现。

public static void NIOCopyFile(String source,String target) throws Exception{

//1.采用RandomAccessFile双向通道完成，rw表示具有读写权限

RandomAccessFile fromFile = new RandomAccessFile(source,"rw");

FileChannel fromChannel = fromFile.getChannel();

RandomAccessFile toFile = new RandomAccessFile(target,"rw");

FileChannel toChannel = toFile.getChannel();

long count = fromChannel.size();

while (count > 0) {

long transferred = fromChannel.transferTo(fromChannel.position(), count, toChannel);

count -= transferred;

}

if(fromFile!=null) {

fromFile.close();

}

if(fromChannel!=null) {

fromChannel.close();

}

}

2.7 NIO实现文件自身内容拷贝(追加到末尾)

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

//1.获取双向通道

RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile("C:\\Users\\num11\\Desktop\\grade.txt","rw");

//2.得到通道

FileChannel channel = file.getChannel();

//3.定义缓存

ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

if(channel.read(byteBuffer)!= -1){ //判断是否读到末尾

//4.反转

byteBuffer.flip();

channel.write(byteBuffer);

byteBuffer.clear();

}

if(file != null){

file.close();

}

}

2.8 java.nio.file.Files.copy()实现文件拷贝，其中第三个参数决定是否覆盖

public static void copyFile(String source,String target){

Path sourcePath = Paths.get(source);

Path destinationPath = Paths.get(target);

try {

Files.copy(sourcePath, destinationPath,

StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

三、总结

以上方法中经过测试，NIO实现的方式的执行效率最高