阿里云服务器环境配置

一、安装OpenJDK

1. 搜索资源库中的Open JDK

yum search java | grep openjdk

2. 安装指定版本

yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64

4. 验证安装结果

java -version

二、安装MySQL

a. 安装MySQL（5.7

1. 下载MySQL

rpm -ivh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

2. 安装

yum install mysql-community-server

注：如果出现Unable to find a match: mysql-community-server的错误则先执行yum module disable mysql，并在出现提示Is this ok 输入y

3. 配置开机启动

systemctl enable mysqld

4. 启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld

5. 获取临时密码

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

6. 验证安装结果

mysql -u root -p

b. 配置MySQL

1. 配置文件地址

/etc/my.cfg

2. 默认配置

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

sql_mode ='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'

lower_case_table_names=1

innodb_force_recovery=0

c. 常用命令

1. 启动

systemctl start mysqld

2. 停止

systemctl stop mysqld

3. 重启

systemctl restart mysqld

4. 修改用户密码

set password for 用户@localhost = password('新密码');

三、安装Nginx

a. 安装Nginx

1. 添加Nginx到资源库

rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm

注：我这里Linux的centos版本为7.6.1810，如果版本不同请更换Nginx资源。
2. 安装Nginx

yum install nginx

3. 配置开机启动

systemctl enable nginx

4. 启动Nginx

systemctl start nginx

5. 测试安装结果

浏览器访问：http://IP:80

注：阿里云开放80端口

b. 常用命令

1. 校验配置文件

/usr/sbin/nginx -t

2. 查看Linux版本：

lsb_release -a

四、安装PhpMyAdmin

a. 安装PHP7.0

1. 安装依赖

yum install epel-release

yum install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

2. 安装PHP7.0

yum install php70

3. 安装PHP组件

yum install php70-php-fpm php70-php-gd php70-php-json php70-php-mbstring php70-php-mysqlnd php70-php-xml php70-php-xmlrpc php70-php-opcache php70-php-mcrypt php70-php-intl

4. 配置开机启动

systemctl enable php70-php-fpm

5. 启动PHP

systemctl start php70-php-fpm

b. 配置PHP7.0

1. 查看nginx用户

egrep '^(user|group)' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

2. PHP配置（/etc/opt/remi/php70/php-fpm.d/www.conf

user = nginx

group = nginx

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 

3. 重启PHP

systemctl restart php70-php-fpm

c. 安装PhpMyAdmin

1. 下载PhpMyAdmin

wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.9.1/phpMyAdmin-4.9.1-all-languages.tar.gz

2. 解压到指定目录

cd /var/www

mv /root/phpMyAdmin-4.9.1-all-languages.tar.gz /var/www

tar xvfz phpMyAdmin-4.9.1-all-languages.tar.gz

mv phpMyAdmin-4.9.1-all-languages phpMyAdmin

d. 配置Nginx

server {    
  listen 8081;    
  server_name localhost;
  
  location / {
    root   /var/www/phpMyAdmin;
    index  index.php index.html index.htm;
  }

  location ~ \.php$ {
    root /var/www/phpMyAdmin;
    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include        fastcgi_params;
  }
}

e. 常见问题

1. 访问phpMyAdmin首页时出现错误
   

修改权限：chmod -R 777 /var/opt/remi/php70/lib/php

1. 访问phpMyAdmin报502错误
   目录【b -> 2】 中的listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 需要与目录【d】中的fastcgi_pass保持一致。

f. 常用命令

2. 查看端口

 lsof -i:9000

五、安装Redis

a. 安装Redis5.0.6

1. 下载软件包

cd /usr/local

wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.6.tar.gz

2. 解压和编译

tar xzf redis-5.0.6.tar.gz

cd redis-5.0.6

make

3. 安装和配置

mkdir -p /etc/redis

cp /usr/local/redis-5.0.6/src/redis-server /etc/redis/

cp /usr/local/redis-5.0.6/src/redis-cli /etc/redis/

b. 配置开机启动

1. 编辑启动脚本

vim /etc/systemd/system/redis-server.service

[Unit]
Description=The redis-server Process Manager
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile=/var/run/redis_6379.pid
ExecStart=/etc/redis/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGINT $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2. 在/etc/redis目录下创建并配置redis.conf

bind 127.0.0.1

protected-mode yes

port 6379

tcp-backlog 511

timeout 0

tcp-keepalive 300

daemonize no

supervised no

pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid

loglevel notice

logfile ""

databases 16

always-show-logo yes

save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000

stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes

rdbcompression yes

rdbchecksum yes

dbfilename dump.rdb

dir ./

replica-serve-stale-data yes

replica-read-only yes

repl-diskless-sync no

repl-diskless-sync-delay 5

repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no

replica-priority 100

lazyfree-lazy-eviction no
lazyfree-lazy-expire no
lazyfree-lazy-server-del no
replica-lazy-flush no

appendonly no

appendfilename "appendonly.aof"

appendfsync everysec

no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no

auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb

aof-load-truncated yes

aof-use-rdb-preamble yes

lua-time-limit 5000

slowlog-log-slower-than 10000

slowlog-max-len 128

latency-monitor-threshold 0

notify-keyspace-events ""

hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64

list-max-ziplist-size -2

list-compress-depth 0

set-max-intset-entries 512

zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64

hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000

stream-node-max-bytes 4096
stream-node-max-entries 100

activerehashing yes

client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60

hz 10

dynamic-hz yes

aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes

rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes

3. 执行配置命令

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start redis-server.service
systemctl enable redis-server.service

4. 检测是否运行

ps -ef | grep redis

5. 检测安装是否成功

/etc/redis/redis-cli

六、安装Vsftpd

a.安装Vsftpd

1. 搜索vsftpd资源

yum search vsftpd

2. 安装

yum install vsftpd

3. 修改配置文件

vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

anonymous_enable=NO

local_enable=YES

write_enable=YES

local_umask=022

dirmessage_enable=YES

xferlog_enable=YES

connect_from_port_20=YES

xferlog_std_format=YES

listen=NO

listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

4. 启用被动模式,随机端口

pasv_enable=YES
pasv_min_port=5000
pasv_max_port=5999

5. 只能访问FTP目录

chroot_local_user=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES

6. 开机启动

systemctl start vsftpd
systemctl enable vsftpd

7. 配置ftp用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/vsftpd vsftpd

chmod -R 755 /usr/local/vsftpd

8. 配置ftp用户密码

passwd vsftpd

b. 常见问题

1. 连接超时

确认阿里云中是否开放端口

2. 530 Login incorrect.

修改pam.d/vsftpd并重启vsftpd

vim /etc/pam.d/vsftpd

#%PAM-1.0
session    optional     pam_keyinit.so    force revoke
auth       required	pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/vsftpd/ftpusers onerr=succeed
# 注释当前命令
#auth       required	pam_shells.so
auth       include	password-auth
account    include	password-auth
session    required     pam_loginuid.so
session    include	password-auth