脉冲神经网络 计算机科学,基于卷积计算的多层脉冲神经网络的监督学习 - 计算机工程与科学.PDF...

基于卷积计算的多层脉冲神经网络的监督学习 - 计算机工程与科学

计算机工程与科学 第 卷第 期 年 月

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基于卷积计算的多层脉冲神经网络的监督学习

张玉平蔺想红

西北师范大学计算机科学与工程学院甘肃 兰州

摘 要针对脉冲神经元基于精确定时的多脉冲编码信息的特点提出了一种基于卷积计算的多层脉

冲神经网络监督学习的新算法该算法应用核函数的卷积计算将离散的脉冲序列转换为连续函数在多

层前馈脉冲神经网络结构中使用梯度下降的方法得到基于核函数卷积表示的学习规则并用来调整神经

元连接的突触权值在实验部分首先验证了该算法学习脉冲序列的效果然后应用该算法对 数据集

进行分类结果显示该算法能够实现脉冲序列复杂时空模式的学习对非线性模式分类问题具有较高的

分类正确率

关键词脉冲神经网络监督学习卷积计算梯度下降

中图分类号 文献标志码

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Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have advantages over traditional, non-spiking networks with respect to bio- realism, potential for low-power hardware implementations, and theoretical computing power. However, in practice, spiking net- works with multi-layer learning have proven difficult to train. This paper explores a novel, bio-inspired spiking convolutional neural network (CNN) that is trained in a greedy, layer-wise fashion. The spiking CNN consists of a convolutional/pooling layer followed by a feature discovery layer, both of which undergo bio-inspired learning. Kernels for the convolutional layer are trained using a sparse, spiking auto-encoder representing primary visual features. The feature discovery layer uses a probabilistic spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning rule. This layer represents complex visual features using WTA- thresholded, leaky, integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons. The new model is evaluated on the MNIST digit dataset using clean and noisy images. Intermediate results show that the convolutional layer is stack-admissible, enabling it to support a multi-layer learning architecture. The recognition performance for clean images is above 98%. This performance is accounted for by the independent and informative visual features extracted in a hierarchy of convolutional and feature discovery layers. The performance loss for recognizing the noisy images is in the range 0.1% to 8.5%. This level of performance loss indicates that the network is robust to additive noise
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