Python Tkinter开发window7 简单版计算器

一、成品图

二、知识点

1. 窗口的创建

from tkinter import *
#初始化Tk()
myWindow = Tk()
myWindow.title('第一个tkinter窗口')
#进入消息循环(这句不能漏，否则窗口不显示)
myWindow.mainloop() 

2. 控件介绍

控件具体使用可参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/pywjh/p/9527828.html#jhgl

3.控件管理
利用框架对控件布局，布局方式如下三种
pack（）属简单布局，grid（）和place（）布局运用于较为复杂场景。

三、代码

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#@Time       :2021/2/26 16:24
#@Author     :Came Deng
#@Project    :practical
#@File       :calculator
#@description: GUI开发计算器
from tkinter import *
class Calculator(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master=None):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master=master
        self.result = StringVar()
        self.result.set(0)
        self.keylist=['']
        self.pack()
        self.CreateWight()
        self.pack()

    #键盘布局
    def CreateWight(self):
        '''(('MC','MR','MS','M+','M-'),
			('←','CE','C','±','√'),
			(7,8,9,'/','%'),
			(4,5,6,'*','1/x'),
			(1,2,3,'-','='),
			(0,'.','+'))'''
        Label(self,bd=3,bg='white',font=('宋体',30),anchor='e',width=10,height=2,justify=RIGHT,textvariable=self.result).grid(row=0,column=0,rowspan=2,columnspan=5,pady=10)
        #第一行
        Button(self,text='MC',width=2,command=lambda :self.LabelView('MC')).grid(row=2,column=0,sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='MR', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('MR')).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='MS', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('MS')).grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='M+', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('M+')).grid(row=2, column=3, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='M-', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('M-')).grid(row=2, column=4, sticky=NSEW)
        #第二行
        Button(self, text='←', width=2, command=self.back).grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='CE', width=2, command=self.clear).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='C', width=2, command=self.clear).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='±', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('±')).grid(row=3, column=3, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='√', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('√')).grid(row=3, column=4, sticky=NSEW)
        #第三行
        Button(self, text='7', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('7')).grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='8', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('8')).grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='9', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('9')).grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='/', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('/')).grid(row=4, column=3, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='%', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('%')).grid(row=4, column=4, sticky=NSEW)
        #第四行
        Button(self, text='4', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('4')).grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='5', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('5')).grid(row=5, column=1, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='6', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('6')).grid(row=5, column=2, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='*', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('*')).grid(row=5, column=3, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='1/x', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('1/x')).grid(row=5, column=4, sticky=NSEW)
        #第五行
        Button(self, text='1', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('1')).grid(row=6, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='2', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('2')).grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='3', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('3')).grid(row=6, column=2, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='-', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('-')).grid(row=6, column=3, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='=', width=2, command=self.operation).grid(row=6, column=4, rowspan=2,sticky=NSEW)
        #第六行
        Button(self, text='0', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('0')).grid(row=7, column=0, columnspan=2,sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='.', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('.')).grid(row=7, column=2, sticky=NSEW)
        Button(self, text='+', width=2, command=lambda: self.LabelView('+')).grid(row=7, column=3, sticky=NSEW)

    #数字显示
    def LabelView(self,key):
        self.keylist.append(key)
        kt=''.join(self.keylist)
        if '=' in kt:
            kt=self.operation(kt)
        self.result.set(kt)
    #回退←
    def back(self):
        keylist=self.result.get()
        num=len(keylist)
        if (num == 0) or (num ==1):
            self.result.set(0)
            self.keylist=['']
        else:
            self.result.set(keylist[:num-1])
    #清零C \CE
    def clear(self):
        self.keylist=['']
        self.result.set(0)

    #运算加减乘除
    def operation(self):
        formula=self.result.get()
        v_result=eval(formula)
        self.keylist=[str(v_result)]
        self.result.set(v_result)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    width=228
    height=422
    root=Tk()
    root.title('python计算器')
    root.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' %(width,height,root.winfo_screenwidth()/2,root.winfo_screenheight()/2))
    calcultor=Calculator(root)
    root.mainloop()