java 读取 inputstream_Java中将InputStream读取为String, 各种方法的性能对比

如下, 一共存在11种实现方式及其对应的性能测试结果:

1. 使用IOUtils.toString (Apache Utils)

String result =IOUtils.toString(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

2. 使用CharStreams (guava)

String result = CharStreams.toString(newInputStreamReader(inputStream, Charsets.UTF_8));

3. 使用Scanner (JDK)

Scanner s = new Scanner(inputStream).useDelimiter("\\A");

String result= s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";

4. 使用Stream Api (Java 8). 提醒: 这种方式会将不同的换行符 (比如\r\n) 都替换为 \n.

String result = new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(inputStream))

.lines().collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));

5. 使用parallel Stream Api (Java 8). 提醒: 这种方式会将不同的换行符 (比如\r\n) 都替换为 \n.

String result = new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(inputStream))

.lines().parallel().collect(Collectors.joining("\n"));

6. 使用InputStreamReader 和StringBuilder (JDK)

final int bufferSize = 1024;final char[] buffer = new char[bufferSize];final StringBuilder out = newStringBuilder();

Reader in= new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8");for(; ; ) {int rsz = in.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length);if (rsz < 0)break;

out.append(buffer,0, rsz);

}return out.toString();

7. 使用StringWriter 和 IOUtils.copy (Apache Commons)

StringWriter writer = newStringWriter();

IOUtils.copy(inputStream, writer,"UTF-8");return writer.toString();

8. 使用ByteArrayOutputStream 和 inputStream.read (JDK)

ByteArrayOutputStream result = newByteArrayOutputStream();byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];intlength;while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {

result.write(buffer,0, length);

}return result.toString("UTF-8");

9. 使用BufferedReader (JDK). 提醒: 这种方式会将不同的换行符 (比如\r\n) 都替换为当前系统的换行符(例如, 在windows下是"\r\n").

String newLine = System.getProperty("line.separator");

BufferedReader reader= new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(inputStream));

StringBuilder result= newStringBuilder();

String line;boolean flag = false;while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

result.append(flag? newLine: "").append(line);

flag= true;

}return result.toString();

10. 使用BufferedInputStream 和 ByteArrayOutputStream (JDK)

BufferedInputStream bis = newBufferedInputStream(inputStream);

ByteArrayOutputStream buf= newByteArrayOutputStream();int result =bis.read();while(result != -1) {

buf.write((byte) result);

result=bis.read();

}return buf.toString();

11. 使用 inputStream.read() 和 StringBuilder (JDK). 提醒: 这种方式处理Unicode时存在问题, 例如俄文, 仅在非Unicode字符串下工作正常.

intch;

StringBuilder sb= newStringBuilder();while((ch = inputStream.read()) != -1)

sb.append((char)ch);

reset();return sb.toString();

提醒:

方式 4, 5 和 9 都存在替换换行符的问题. 方式11在Unicode下不能正常工作.

性能测试

对于短字符串 (length = 175)的测试, url in github (mode = Average Time, system = Linux, score 1,343 is the best):

Benchmark Mode Cnt Score Error Units8. ByteArrayOutputStream and read (JDK) avgt 10 1,343 ± 0,028 us/op6. InputStreamReader and StringBuilder (JDK) avgt 10 6,980 ± 0,404 us/op10.BufferedInputStream, ByteArrayOutputStream avgt 10 7,437 ± 0,735 us/op11.InputStream.read() and StringBuilder (JDK) avgt 10 8,977 ± 0,328 us/op7. StringWriter and IOUtils.copy (Apache) avgt 10 10,613 ± 0,599 us/op1. IOUtils.toString (Apache Utils) avgt 10 10,605 ± 0,527 us/op3. Scanner (JDK) avgt 10 12,083 ± 0,293 us/op2. CharStreams (guava) avgt 10 12,999 ± 0,514 us/op4. Stream Api (Java 8) avgt 10 15,811 ± 0,605 us/op9. BufferedReader (JDK) avgt 10 16,038 ± 0,711 us/op5. parallel Stream Api (Java 8) avgt 10 21,544 ± 0,583 us/op

对于长字符串的测试 (length = 50100), url in github (mode = Average Time, system = Linux, score 200,715 is the best):

Benchmark Mode Cnt Score Error Units8. ByteArrayOutputStream and read (JDK) avgt 10 200,715 ± 18,103 us/op1. IOUtils.toString (Apache Utils) avgt 10 300,019 ± 8,751 us/op6. InputStreamReader and StringBuilder (JDK) avgt 10 347,616 ± 130,348 us/op7. StringWriter and IOUtils.copy (Apache) avgt 10 352,791 ± 105,337 us/op2. CharStreams (guava) avgt 10 420,137 ± 59,877 us/op9. BufferedReader (JDK) avgt 10 632,028 ± 17,002 us/op5. parallel Stream Api (Java 8) avgt 10 662,999 ± 46,199 us/op4. Stream Api (Java 8) avgt 10 701,269 ± 82,296 us/op10.BufferedInputStream, ByteArrayOutputStream avgt 10 740,837 ± 5,613 us/op3. Scanner (JDK) avgt 10 751,417 ± 62,026 us/op11.InputStream.read() and StringBuilder (JDK) avgt 10 2919,350 ± 1101,942 us/op

可以看出8和6是相对更好的选择