关于网络流概念问题可以参考这篇博客：
C++ 【蓝书】网络流问题（网络流基础概念+三个算法+做题时的选择+模板整合）【网络流从入门到放弃】
HDU 1532原题地址
Problem Description
Every time it rains on Farmer John’s fields, a pond forms over Bessie’s favorite clover patch. This means that the clover is covered by water for awhile and takes quite a long time to regrow. Thus, Farmer John has built a set of drainage ditches so that Bessie’s clover patch is never covered in water. Instead, the water is drained to a nearby stream. Being an ace engineer, Farmer John has also installed regulators at the beginning of each ditch, so he can control at what rate water flows into that ditch.
Farmer John knows not only how many gallons of water each ditch can transport per minute but also the exact layout of the ditches, which feed out of the pond and into each other and stream in a potentially complex network.
Given all this information, determine the maximum rate at which water can be transported out of the pond and into the stream. For any given ditch, water flows in only one direction, but there might be a way that water can flow in a circle.
Input
The input includes several cases. For each case, the first line contains two space-separated integers, N (0 <= N <= 200) and M (2 <= M <= 200). N is the number of ditches that Farmer John has dug. M is the number of intersections points for those ditches. Intersection 1 is the pond. Intersection point M is the stream. Each of the following N lines contains three integers, Si, Ei, and Ci. Si and Ei (1 <= Si, Ei <= M) designate the intersections between which this ditch flows. Water will flow through this ditch from Si to Ei. Ci (0 <= Ci <= 10,000,000) is the maximum rate at which water will flow through the ditch.
Output
For each case, output a single integer, the maximum rate at which water may emptied from the pond.
Sample Input
5 4
1 2 40
1 4 20
2 4 20
2 3 30
3 4 10
Sample Output
50
分析
给出了关于网络流问题的三大经典算法，EK算法，FF算法，Dinic算法
可以往下详细看提交的图片就能知道EK算法速度比较慢 推荐一般情况下用Dinic算法
Dinic算法，可以看作是两种方法的结合体，它进行了一定的优化，对于某些横边多的图，运行速度方面得到了大幅提升
Dinic算法的基本思路:
①根据残量网络计算层次图。
②在层次图中使用DFS进行增广直到不存在增广路
③重复以上步骤直到无法增广
层次图:分层图,以[从原点到某点的最短距离]分层的图,距离相等的为一层,
观察前面的dfs算法，对于层次相同的边，会经过多次重复运算，很浪费时间，那么，可以考虑先对原图分好层产生新的层次图，即保存了每个点的层次，注意，很多人会把这里的边的最大容量跟以前算最短路时的那个权值混淆，其实这里每个点之间的距离都可以看作单位距离，然后对新图进行dfs，这时的dfs就非常有层次感，有筛选感了，同层次的点不可能在同一跳路径中，直接排除。那么运行速度就会快很多了。
EK算法模板
#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
#define arraysize 201
int maxData = 0x7fffffff;
int capacity[arraysize][arraysize]; //记录残留网络的容量
int flow[arraysize]; //标记从源点到当前节点实际还剩多少流量可用
int pre[arraysize]; //标记在这条路径上当前节点的前驱,同时标记该节点是否在队列中
int n,m;
queue<int> myqueue;
int BFS(int src,int des)
{
int i,j;
while(!myqueue.empty()) //队列清空
myqueue.pop();
for(i=1;i<m+1;++i)
{
pre[i]=-1;
}
pre[src]=0;
flow[src]= maxData;
myqueue.push(src);
while(!myqueue.empty())
{
int index = myqueue.front();
myqueue.pop();
if(index == des) //找到了增广路径
break;
for(i=1;i<m+1;++i)
{
if(i!=src && capacity[index][i]>0 && pre[i]==-1)
{
pre[i] = index; //记录前驱
flow[i] = min(capacity[index][i],flow[index]); //关键：迭代的找到增量
myqueue.push(i);
}
}
}
if(pre[des]==-1) //残留图中不再存在增广路径
return -1;
else
return flow[des];
}
int maxFlow(int src,int des)
{
int increasement= 0;
int sumflow = 0;
while((increasement=BFS(src,des))!=-1)
{
int k = des; //利用前驱寻找路径
while(k!=src)
{
int last = pre[k];
capacity[last][k] -= increasement; //改变正向边的容量
capacity[k][last] += increasement; //改变反向边的容量
k = last;
}
sumflow += increasement;
}
return sumflow;
}
int main()
{
int i,j;
int start,end,ci;
while(cin>>n>>m)
{
memset(capacity,0,sizeof(capacity));
memset(flow,0,sizeof(flow));
for(i=0;i<n;++i)
{
cin>>start>>end>>ci;
if(start == end) //考虑起点终点相同的情况
continue;
capacity[start][end] +=ci; //此处注意可能出现多条同一起点终点的情况
}
cout<<maxFlow(1,m)<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
EK算法写的本题模板
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
int const MAX = 1005;
int const inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int c[MAX][MAX];//c[u][v]保存容量
int f[MAX][MAX];//f[u][v]保存当前流量
int a[MAX];// a数组在每趟bfs中找到最小路径中最小残余流量的，a数组使个递推数组，a[v]的意思是从源点s到点v的最小残余流量
int p[MAX];//保存前一个点
int n, m;
int bfs(int s, int t)
{
queue<int> q;
int flow = 0;
while(!q.empty()) q.pop();
memset(f, 0, sizeof(f));
while(1){
memset(a, 0, sizeof(a));
a[s] = inf;//将起始点的最小残余量设为最大
q.push(s);
while(!q.empty()){//bfs找到一条最短路，这里的边不代表距离，可以看作每两个点都是单位距离的
int u;
u = q.front();
q.pop();
for(int v = 1; v <= m; v++){//枚举所有点v <u,v>
if(!a[v] && c[u][v] > f[u][v]){//a[]可以代替vis[]，来判断这个点是否已经遍历过，后面那个条件更是起了关键作用，很巧妙
p[v] = u;
q.push(v);
a[v] = min(a[u], c[u][v] - f[u][v]);//递推
}
}
}
if(!a[t]) break;//直到最小残余流量为0时，退出
for(int u = t; u != s; u = p[u]){
f[p[u]][u] += a[t];
f[u][p[u]] -= a[t];
}
flow += a[t];
}
return flow;
}
int main()
{
while(~scanf("%d %d", &n, &m)){
memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));
memset(p, 0, sizeof(p));
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
int u, v, w;
scanf("%d %d %d", &u, &v, &w);
c[u][v] += w;
}
printf("%d\n", bfs(1, m));
}
return 0;
}
FF算法模板
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int map[300][300];
int used[300];
int n,m;
const int INF = 1000000000;
int dfs(int s,int t,int f)
{
if(s == t) return f;
for(int i = 1 ; i <= n ; i ++) {
if(map[s][i] > 0 && !used[i]) {
used[i] = true;
int d = dfs(i,t,min(f,map[s][i]));
if(d > 0) {
map[s][i] -= d;
map[i][s] += d;
return d;
}
}
}
}
int maxflow(int s,int t)
{
int flow = 0;
while(true) {
memset(used,0,sizeof(used));
int f = dfs(s,t,INF);//不断找从s到t的增广路
if(f == 0) return flow;//找不到了就回去
flow += f;//找到一个流量f的路
}
}
int main()
{
while(scanf("%d%d",&m,&n) != EOF) {
memset(map,0,sizeof(map));
for(int i = 0 ; i < m ; i ++) {
int from,to,cap;
scanf("%d%d%d",&from,&to,&cap);
map[from][to] += cap;
}
cout << maxflow(1,n) << endl;
}
return 0;
}
用vector写的Ford-Fulkerson算法的本题代码
#include <cstdio>
#include <string.h>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int const inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int const MAX = 300;
struct Node
{
int to; //与这个点相连的点
int cap; //以这个射出的边的容量
int rev; //这个点的反向边
};
vector<Node> v[MAX];
bool used[MAX];
void add_node(int from, int to, int cap)//重边情况不影响
{
v[from].push_back((Node){to, cap, v[to].size()});
v[to].push_back((Node){from, 0, v[from].size() - 1});
}
int dfs(int s, int t, int f)
{
if(s == t)
return f;
used[s] = true;
for(int i = 0; i < v[s].size(); i++){
Node &tmp = v[s][i];
if(used[tmp.to] == false && tmp.cap > 0){
int d = dfs(tmp.to, t, min(f, tmp.cap));
if(d > 0){
tmp.cap -= d;
v[tmp.to][tmp.rev].cap += d;
return d;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
int max_flow(int s, int t)
{
int flow = 0;
while(1){
memset(used, false, sizeof(used));
int f = dfs(s, t, inf);
if(f == 0)
return flow;
flow += f;
}
return flow;
}
int main()
{
int n, m;
while(scanf("%d %d", &n, &m) != EOF){
for(int i = 0; i <= m; i++)
v[i].clear();
int u1, v1, w;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
scanf("%d %d %d", &u1, &v1, &w);
add_node(u1, v1, w);
}
printf("%d\n", max_flow(1, m));
}
return 0;
}
Dinic算法
#include <cstdio>
#include <string.h>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
int const inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int const MAX = 205;
int n, m;
int c[MAX][MAX], dep[MAX];//dep[MAX]代表当前层数
int bfs(int s, int t)//重新建图，按层次建图
{
queue<int> q;
while(!q.empty())
q.pop();
memset(dep, -1, sizeof(dep));
dep[s] = 0;
q.push(s);
while(!q.empty()){
int u = q.front();
q.pop();
for(int v = 1; v <= m; v++){
if(c[u][v] > 0 && dep[v] == -1){//如果可以到达且还没有访问，可以到达的条件是剩余容量大于0，没有访问的条件是当前层数还未知
dep[v] = dep[u] + 1;
q.push(v);
}
}
}
return dep[t] != -1;
}
int dfs(int u, int mi, int t)//查找路径上的最小流量
{
if(u == t)
return mi;
int tmp;
for(int v = 1; v <= m; v++){
if(c[u][v] > 0 && dep[v] == dep[u] + 1 && (tmp = dfs(v, min(mi, c[u][v]), t))){
c[u][v] -= tmp;
c[v][u] += tmp;
return tmp;
}
}
return 0;
}
int dinic()
{
int ans = 0, tmp;
while(bfs(1, m)){
while(1){
tmp = dfs(1, inf, m);
if(tmp == 0)
break;
ans += tmp;
}
}
return ans;
}
int main()
{
while(~scanf("%d %d", &n, &m)){
memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));
int u, v, w;
while(n--){
scanf("%d %d %d", &u, &v, &w);
c[u][v] += w;
}
printf("%d\n", dinic());
}
return 0;
}
学如逆水行舟，不进则退
扫一扫
1488
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
