一、tomcat的多实例部署
因为后面要用到多实例部署的tomcat,所以先将多实例tomcat给部署了
①安装步骤(详细)
1.安装好 jdk
此处请看此文:JDK的安装
2.安装 tomcat
cd /opt
tar zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz
mkdir /usr/local/tomcat
mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
cp -a /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
3.配置 tomcat 环境变量
vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
#tomcat1
export CATALINA_HOME1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
export CATALINA_BASE1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
export TOMCAT_HOME1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
#tomcat2
export CATALINA_HOME2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
export CATALINA_BASE2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
export TOMCAT_HOME2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
4.修改 tomcat2 中的 server.xml 文件,要求各 tomcat 实例配置不能有重复的端口号
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> #22行,修改Server prot,默认为8005 -> 修改为8006
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" #69行,修改Connector port,HTTP/1.1 默认为8080 -> 修改为8081
<Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> #116行,修改Connector port AJP/1.3,默认为8009 -> 修改为8010
5.修改各 tomcat 实例中的 startup.sh 和 shutdown.sh 文件,添加 tomcat 环境变量.
修改tomcat1
1、 vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Start Script for the CATALINA Server
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
##添加以下内容
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE1
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME1
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME1
2、 vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stop script for the CATALINA Server
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE1
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME1
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME1
修改tomcat2
1、 vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Start Script for the CATALINA Server
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE2
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME2
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME2
2、 vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stop script for the CATALINA Server
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE2
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME2
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME2
6.启动各 tomcat 中的 /bin/startup.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh ##启动tomcat1
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh ##启动tomcat2
netstat -natp | grep java ##检查启动端口
7.浏览器访问测试
http://192.168.80.10:8080
http://192.168.80.10:8081
二、Nginx+Tomcat负载均衡和动静分离
准备:
Nginx 服务器:192.168.17.33
Tomcat服务器1:192.168.17.9:8080
Tomcat服务器2:192.168.17.9:8081
①部署nginx的负载均衡器
具体的安装部署见:nginx轻量级web服务器的安装
②部署两台Tomcat应用服务器
具体见目录一
③动静分离配置
(1)Tomcat1 server(192.168.17.9:8080) 配置 |
mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/webapps/test
vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test1 page</title>
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("动态页面 1,http://www.test1.com");%>
</body>
</html>
修改tomcat1的主配置文件
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/conf/server.xml
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true">
</Context>
</Host>
重启服务
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
(2)Tomcat2 server (192.168.17.9:8081)配置 |
mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/webapps/test
vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test2 page</title>
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("动态页面 2,http://www.test2.com");%>
</body>
</html>
修改tomcat2的主配置文件
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true" />
</Host>
重启服务
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh
两台部署的服务启动状况
(3)Nginx server 配置 |
#准备静态页面和静态图片
echo '<html><body><h1>这是静态页面</h1></body></html>' > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/html/img
cp /root/game.jpg /usr/local/nginx/html/img
修改nginx主配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
http {
......
#gzip on;
#配置负载均衡的服务器列表,weight参数表示权重,权重越高,被分配到的概率越大
upstream tomcat_server {
server 192.168.17.9:8080 weight=1;
server 192.168.17.9:8081 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.kgc.com;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#配置Nginx处理动态页面请求,将 .jsp文件请求转发到Tomcat 服务器处理
location ~ .*\.jsp$ {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
#设置后端的Web服务器可以获取远程客户端的真实IP
##设定后端的Web服务器接收到的请求访问的主机名(域名或IP、端口),默认HOST的值为proxy_pass指令设置的主机名。如果反向代理服务器不重写该请求头的话,那么后端真实服务器在处理时会认为所有的请求都来在反向代理服务器,如果后端有防攻击策略的话,那么机器就被封掉了。
proxy_set_header HOST $host;
##把$remote_addr赋值给X-Real-IP,来获取源IP
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
##在nginx 作为代理服务器时,设置的IP列表,会把经过的机器ip,代理机器ip都记录下来
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#配置Nginx处理静态图片请求
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css)$ {
root /usr/local/nginx/html/img;
expires 10d;
}
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
......
}
......
}
(4)测试效果 |
-
测试静态页面效果
浏览器访问 http://192.168.17.33/
浏览器访问 http://192.168.17.33/error.jpg -
测试负载均衡效果,不断刷新浏览器测试
浏览器访问 http://192.168.17.33/index.jsp