VSCode编写C++程序的配置方法

1. 安装mingw（自行下载，配制环境变量），使用gcc -v检测是否安装成功

2. VScode: 【文件】-【打开文件夹】，选择一个文件夹作为工作区

3. 工作区内新建一个文件夹【.vscode】，在文件夹里面右键新建三个文件【c_cpp_properties.json】【launch.json】【tasks.json】

4. 新建文件夹【cpp_source】存放C++源文件；新建文件夹【exe】存放C++编译文件。

涉及到后面的配制，2个文件夹为必选项，如果不希望如此存放文件，可修改后续配制文件的路径

【c_cpp_properties.json】需要修改里面的“includePath”和“path”，修改为自己的路径（获取方式cmd里面输入👇)

gcc -v -E -x c++ -

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceRoot}",
                "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/include/**",
                "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
                "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "__GNUC__=6",
                "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
            ],
            "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
            "browse": {
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": "",
                "path": [
                    "${workspaceRoot}",
                    "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/include/**",
                    "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                    "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                    "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                    "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                    "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
                    "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
                ]
            }
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

【launch.json】"-fexec-charset=GBK"

{  
    "version": "0.2.0",  
    "configurations": [  
        {  
            "name": "(gdb) Launch", // 配置名称，将会在启动配置的下拉菜单中显示  
            "type": "cppdbg",       // 配置类型，这里只能为cppdbg  
            "request": "launch",    // 请求配置类型，可以为launch（启动）或attach（附加）  
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/exe/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",// 将要进行调试的程序的路径  
            "args": [],             // 程序调试时传递给程序的命令行参数，一般设为空即可  
            "stopAtEntry": false,   // 设为true时程序将暂停在程序入口处，一般设置为false  
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}", // 调试程序时的工作目录，一般为${workspaceFolder}即代码所在目录  
            "environment": [],  
            "externalConsole": true, // 调试时是否显示控制台窗口，一般设置为true显示控制台  
            "MIMode": "gdb",  
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:/Code/mingw64_GCC8.1/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe", // miDebugger的路径，注意这里要与MinGw的路径对应  
            "preLaunchTask": "g++", // 调试会话开始前执行的任务，一般为编译程序，c++为g++, c为gcc  
            "setupCommands": [  
                {   
		    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",  
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",  
                    "ignoreFailures": true  
                }  
            ]  
        }  
    ]  
}

【tasks.json】"-fexec-charset=GBK"是解决终端输出中文有错误的必要语句

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "command": "g++",
    "args": [
        "-g",
        "${file}",
        "-o",
        "${workspaceFolder}/exe/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
        "-fexec-charset=GBK"
    ], // 编译命令参数
    "problemMatcher": {
        "owner": "cpp",
        "fileLocation": [
            "relative",
            "\\"
        ],
        "pattern": {
            "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
            "file": 1,
            "line": 2,
            "column": 3,
            "severity": 4,
            "message": 5
        }
    }
}

4. 编写C++程序，按F5编译调试