当数据库字段的值为NULL时,我们使用jdbc获取到的值为什么呢?对于varchar、char等类型当使用getString时,根据常识轻松地知道值应该是NULL。但是,对于int、float等类型,当我们使用getInt、getFloat方法时应该返回的值也是NULL么。答案是否定的,我们根据这几个的方法的注释可以知道,当数据库字段的值为NULL,通过jdbc获取到的值为0。
float java.sql.ResultSet.getFloat(String columnLabel) throws SQLException方法的注释如下。
Retrieves the value of the designated column in the current row of this ResultSet object as a float in the Java programming language.
Parameters:
columnLabel the label for the column specified with the SQL AS clause. If the SQL AS clause was not specified, then the label is the name of the column
Returns:
the column value; if the value is SQL NULL, the value returned is 0
Throws:
SQLException - if the columnLabel is not valid; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed result set
但是当某一些字段的类型为INT、FLOAT时,比如表示价格的字段,我们想要用NULL值表示该字段未填写值,那该怎么办呢?这时我们可以使用getObject或者getString方法,当结果为null时表示未填写值,当结果不为null时再将其转换为相应的基本类型。
java中的类型和sql的类型的映射关系定义在JDBC规范中。接下来需要研究一下这个文档。
jdbc类型映射到java类型
JDBC Type
Java Type
CHAR
String
VARCHAR
String
LONGVARCHAR
String
NUMERIC
java.math.BigDecimal
DECIMAL
java.math.BigDecimal
BIT
boolean
BOOLEAN
boolean
TINYINT
byte
SMALLINT
short
INTEGER
int
BIGINT
long
REAL
float
FLOAT
double
DOUBLE
double
BINARY
byte[]
VARBINARY
byte[]
LONGVARBINARY
byte[]
DATE
java.sql.Date
TIME
java.sql.Time
TIMESTAMP
java.sql.Timestamp
CLOB
java.sql.Clob
BLOB
java.sql.Blob
ARRAY
java.sql.array
DISTINCT
Mapping of underlying type
STRUCT
java.sql.Struct
REF
java.sql.Ref
DATALINK
java.net.URL
JAVA_OBJECT
Underlying Java class
ROWID
java.sql.RowId
NCHAR
String
NVARCHAR
String
LONGNVARCHAR
String
NCLOB
java.sql.NClob
SQLXML
java.sql.SQLXML
jdbc类型映射到java对象
JDBC Type
Java Object Type
CHAR
String
VARCHAR
String
LONGVARCHAR
String
NUMERIC
java.math.BigDecimal
DECIMAL
java.math.BigDecimal
BIT
Boolean
BOOLEAN
Boolean
TINYINT
Integer
SMALLINT
Integer
INTEGER
Integer
BIGINT
Long
REAL
Float
FLOAT
Double
DOUBLE
Double
BINARY
byte[]
VARBINARY
byte[]
LONGVARBINARY
byte[]
DATE
java.sql.Date
TIME
java.sql.Time
TIMESTAMP
java.sql.Timestamp
DISTINCT
Object type of underlying type
CLOB
java.sql.Clob
BLOB
java.sql.Blob
ARRAY
java.sql.Array
STRUCT
java.sql.Struct or java.sql.SQLData
REF
java.sql.Ref
DATALINK
java.net.URL
JAVA_OBJECT
Underlying Java class
ROWID
java.sql.RowId
NCHAR
String
NVARCHAR
String
LONGNVARCHAR
String
NCLOB
java.sql.NClob
SQLXML
java.sql.SQLXML
测试
创建测试用表,环境是mysql。
create table test(id int,price float,name varchar(2000));
插入数据
insert into test(id,price,name) values(12,12.3456,'阿里巴巴');
insert into test(id,price,name) values(1,312.3456,'阿里巴巴');
insert into test(id,price,name) values(null,142.3456,'阿里巴巴');
insert into test(id,price,name) values(3,null,'阿里巴巴');
数据表
id
price
name
12
12.3456
阿里巴巴
1
312.346
阿里巴巴
NULL
142.346
阿里巴巴
3
NULL
阿里巴巴
java使用jdbc连接
Statement st = conn.createStatement();
String sql = "select * from test where id = 3";
java.sql.ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()) {
String name = rs.getString("name");
String idStr = rs.getString("id");
Object idObj = rs.getObject("id");
int id = rs.getInt("id");
float price = rs.getFloat("price");
System.out.println("---------------------------");
System.out.println(idObj instanceof Integer);
System.out.println("id = " + id);
System.out.println("idStr = " + idStr);
System.out.println("idObj = " + idObj);
}
结果
---------------------------
true
id = 3
idStr = 3
idObj = 3
参考
java.sql.ResultSet相应方法的注释
JSR 221 JDBC™ 4.2 Specification下载地址