正态分布分位数计算机程序,正态分布的分布函数与分位数计算.doc

摘 要

数理统计是研究大量随机现象的统计规律性的一门数学学科，它以概率论为理论基础，研究如何用有效的方式收集、整理和分析受到随机性影响的数据来研究随机现象的变化规律，对研究对象的客观规律性做出种种合理的估计和判断。由于随机性影响无所不在，因而概率统计的许多方法已经在自然科学，社会科学，工程技术，军事科学和工农业生产得到广泛的应用，而且随着社会的进步和发展将会更多更有效的应用到社会生活、生产中的各个领域。

关于分布函数及其分位数的计算方法的研究和模拟有很重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。本文讨论了正态分布函数及其分位数的计算问题，在计算精度比较高的情况下，通过迭代计算，得到正态分布函数及其分位数的计算结果，利用所得结果对解决实际问题，给出合理的判断都有实际意义。首先介绍了正态分布函数的定义并就正态分布函数的性质给出了证明。然后对分布函数和分位数计算方法做了讨论，给出正态分布函数及其分位数的算法。用C语言编程并进行模拟计算。

关键词：正态分布函数；分位数；密度函数

Abstract

Mathematical statistics is a mathematics course about studying the regularities of the large number of random phenomena. With the probability theories, we study how to collect the data, how to analyze the data and how to find the variety regulation of the random phenomena. For objective regulation of all kind random phenomena, a reasonable estimation and judgment should be given. Many methods of the probability statistical theories are widely applied to the natural science, social science, engineering technique, military science, and so on. With the society’s progress and development, statistical methods will more availably apply to each field within production and social life.

The calculating methods of distribution function and critical value have the very important theoretical meaning and the actual application worth. Calculating problems of the normal distribution function and critical value will be discussed, with the high calculating accuracy, in this thesis. We give the results of how to calculate the normal distribution function and critical value with the iteration method. These results are used in some actual problems. This paper consists of the following content. First, introduce the concept of the normal distribution function, give some properties and it’s proof. Secondly, introduce the computing methods of the distribution function and critical value. Thirdly, obtain the computing methods of the normal distribution function and critical value. Fourthly, give the subroutine of computing the distribution fun