pythonmatplotlib柱状图_Python：matplotlib分组Bar柱状图

Python：matplotlib分组Bar柱状图

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def get_data(size):

border = 80

x = np.linspace(start=1, stop=size, endpoint=True, num=size, dtype=np.int)

# x = np.arange(start=1, stop=size+1, step=1, dtype=np.int)

y1 = np.random.randint(low=border, high=100, size=size)

y2 = np.random.randint(low=50, high=border, size=size)

ret = (x, y1, y2)

return ret

def text_value(ax, bar):

for rect in bar:

height = rect.get_height()

ax.annotate(text='{}'.format(height),

xy=(rect.get_x() + rect.get_width() / 2, height), # 放置文本的坐标位置

xytext=(0, 10), # 竖直方向再偏移10个point

textcoords="offset points",

size=35,

color='purple',

horizontalalignment='center',

verticalalignment='bottom')

def main():

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 中文乱码

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 正负号

data = get_data(5)

x = data[0]

y1 = data[1]

y2 = data[2]

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15, 10))

bar_width = 0.4 # 每个柱Bar的宽度

b1 = ax.bar(x=x - bar_width / 2, height=y1, width=bar_width, label='柱1', color='blue', edgecolor='yellow')

b2 = ax.bar(x=x + bar_width / 2, height=y2, width=bar_width, label='柱2', color='green', edgecolor='red')

ax.set_title('分组Bar柱状图', color='red', size=30)

ax.set_xlabel('X坐标轴', size=35, color='black')

ax.set_ylabel('Y坐标轴', size=30, color='green')

ax.set_xticks(x)

ax.set_xticklabels(labels=list('zhang'), rotation=-45, size=35, color='gray')

ax.set_yticks(ticks=np.linspace(start=30, stop=120, endpoint=True, num=10, dtype=np.int))

ax.legend(loc='upper right')

text_value(ax, b1)

text_value(ax, b2)

# 顶部和右部的边框线消失

ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)

ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)

ax.spines['left'].set_color('red')

ax.spines['left'].set_linewidth(5)

ax.spines['bottom'].set_linewidth(10)

fig.tight_layout(h_pad=None)

# 画网格

# ax.grid(axis='x', linestyle='--', linewidth=3, color='red') # 显示竖直的网格线

ax.grid(axis='y', linestyle=':', linewidth=1, color='gray', which='major') # 显示水平的网格线

ax.axhline(y=80, xmin=0, xmax=0.5, linestyle='--', linewidth=15, color='red') # 水平加强线

ax.axvline(x=4, ymin=0, ymax=1, linestyle='--', linewidth=15, color='yellow') # 竖直加强线

plt.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

输出结果如图：