1.创建cdev对象
在申请设备号时,我们会创建cdev对象,这个对象中实现了fops,以及我们所申请的主次设备号
2.注册cdev到内核链表中
这一步中我们将申请的设备号注册到了内核链表中
3.创建设备节点,设备节点中有我们的主次设备号
设备节点中存有主次设备号
struct inode {
/* RCU path lookup touches following: */
umode_t i_mode;
uid_t i_uid;
gid_t i_gid;
const struct inode_operations *i_op;
struct super_block *i_sb;
spinlock_t i_lock; /* i_blocks, i_bytes, maybe i_size */
unsigned int i_flags;
unsigned long i_state;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
void *i_security;
#endif
struct mutex i_mutex;
unsigned long dirtied_when; /* jiffies of first dirtying */
struct hlist_node i_hash;
struct list_head i_wb_list; /* backing dev IO list */
struct list_head i_lru; /* inode LRU list */
struct list_head i_sb_list;
union {
struct list_head i_dentry;
struct rcu_head i_rcu;
};
unsigned long i_ino;
atomic_t i_count;
unsigned int i_nlink;
dev_t i_rdev;
unsigned int i_blkbits;
u64 i_version;
loff_t i_size;
#ifdef __NEED_I_SIZE_ORDERED
seqcount_t i_size_seqcount;
#endif
struct timespec i_atime;
struct timespec i_mtime;
struct timespec i_ctime;
blkcnt_t i_blocks;
unsigned short i_bytes;
struct rw_semaphore i_alloc_sem;
const struct file_operations *i_fop; /* former ->i_op->default_file_ops */
struct file_lock *i_flock;
struct address_space *i_mapping;
struct address_space i_data;
#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
struct dquot *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];
#endif
struct list_head i_devices;
union {
struct pipe_inode_info *i_pipe;
struct block_device *i_bdev;
struct cdev *i_cdev;
};
__u32 i_generation;
#ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY
__u32 i_fsnotify_mask; /* all events this inode cares about */
struct hlist_head i_fsnotify_marks;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_IMA
atomic_t i_readcount; /* struct files open RO */
#endif
atomic_t i_writecount;
#ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
struct posix_acl *i_acl;
struct posix_acl *i_default_acl;
#endif
void *i_private; /* fs or device private pointer */
};
4.在/dev目录下产生一个设备文件
5.应用层程序open打开我们的设备文件
6.根据文件名获取设备节点
7.创建file对象,根据主次设备号遍历内核链表
struct file {
/*
* fu_list becomes invalid after file_free is called and queued via
* fu_rcuhead for RCU freeing
*/
union {
struct list_head fu_list;
struct rcu_head fu_rcuhead;
} f_u;
struct path f_path;
#define f_dentry f_path.dentry
#define f_vfsmnt f_path.mnt
const struct file_operations *f_op;
spinlock_t f_lock; /* f_ep_links, f_flags, no IRQ */
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
int f_sb_list_cpu;
#endif
atomic_long_t f_count;
unsigned int f_flags;
fmode_t f_mode;
loff_t f_pos;
struct fown_struct f_owner;
const struct cred *f_cred;
struct file_ra_state f_ra;
u64 f_version;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
void *f_security;
#endif
/* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */
void *private_data;
#ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL
/* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */
struct list_head f_ep_links;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */
struct address_space *f_mapping;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_WRITECOUNT
unsigned long f_mnt_write_state;
#endif
};
8.将遍历到的cdev对象中的fops地址赋值给file对象中的f_op
9.将file对象加入到系统的fd_table表中
10.通过file对象调用cdev中的fops中的open方法
11.其余的write函数等可以通过文件描述符fd找到file对象然后调用cdev中fops的write等方法